| Urea, also called carbamide (because it is a diamide of carbonic acid), is an organic compound with chemical formula CO(NH2)2. This amide has two amino groups (–NH2) joined by a carbonyl functional group (–C(=O)–). It is thus the simplest amide of carbamic acid.
Urea serves an important role in the cellular metabolism of nitrogen-containing compounds by animals and is the main nitrogen-containing substance in the urine of mammals. Urea is Neo-Latin, from French urée, from Ancient Greek οὖρον (oûron) 'urine', itself from Proto-Indo-European *h₂worsom.
It is a colorless, odorless solid, highly soluble in water, and practically non-toxic (LD50 is 15 g/kg for rats). Dissolved in water, it is neither acidic nor alkaline. The body uses it in many processes, most notably nitrogen excretion. The liver forms it by combining two ammonia molecules (NH3) with a carbon dioxide (CO2) molecule in the urea cycle. Urea is widely used in fertilizers as a source of nitrogen (N) and is an important raw material for the chemical industry.
In 1828, Friedrich Wöhler discovered that urea can be produced from inorganic starting materials, which was an important conceptual milestone in chemistry. This showed for the first time that a substance previously known only as a byproduct of life could be synthesized in the laboratory without biological starting materials, thereby contradicting the widely held doctrine of vitalism, which stated that only living organisms could produce the chemicals of life. |
|
Read full article at Wikipedia
|
| MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
|
|
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(NCBI:txid4932)
|
Source: yeast.sf.net
See:
PubMed
|
|
Homo sapiens
(NCBI:txid9606)
|
See:
DOI
|
|
oxidising agent
A substance that removes electrons from another reactant in a redox reaction.
|
|
|
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
Any fungal metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae ).
human metabolite
Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in humans (Homo sapiens).
micronutrient
Any nutrient required in small quantities by organisms throughout their life in order to orchestrate a range of physiological functions.
nutrient
A nutrient is a food component that an organism uses to survive and grow.
food packaging gas
A food additive that is a (generally inert) gas which is used to envelop foodstuffs during packing and so protect them from unwanted chemical reactions such as food spoilage or oxidation during subsequent transport and storage. The term includes propellant gases, used to expel foods from a container.
|
|
|
anti-inflammatory drug
A substance that reduces or suppresses inflammation.
reagent
A substance used in a chemical reaction to detect, measure, examine, or produce other substances.
food packaging gas
A food additive that is a (generally inert) gas which is used to envelop foodstuffs during packing and so protect them from unwanted chemical reactions such as food spoilage or oxidation during subsequent transport and storage. The term includes propellant gases, used to expel foods from a container.
|
|
View more via ChEBI Ontology
|
[OO]
|
MolBase
|
dioxygène
|
ChEBI
|
Disauerstoff
|
ChEBI
|
|
E 948
|
ChEBI
|
|
E-948
|
ChEBI
|
|
E948
|
ChEBI
|
|
molecular oxygen
|
ChEBI
|
|
O2
|
KEGG COMPOUND
|
|
O2
|
IUPAC
|
|
O2
|
UniProt
|
|
Oxygen
|
KEGG COMPOUND
|
|
OXYGEN MOLECULE
|
PDBeChem
|
|
485
|
Gmelin Registry Number
|
Gmelin
|
|
7782-44-7
|
CAS Registry Number
|
KEGG COMPOUND
|
|
7782-44-7
|
CAS Registry Number
|
NIST Chemistry WebBook
|
|
7782-44-7
|
CAS Registry Number
|
ChemIDplus
|
|
10906528
|
PubMed citation
|
Europe PMC
|
|
16977326
|
PubMed citation
|
Europe PMC
|
|
18210929
|
PubMed citation
|
Europe PMC
|
|
18638417
|
PubMed citation
|
Europe PMC
|
|
19840863
|
PubMed citation
|
Europe PMC
|
|
7710549
|
PubMed citation
|
Europe PMC
|
|
9463773
|
PubMed citation
|
Europe PMC
|
|
