hydrogen cyanide (CHEBI:18407)

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ChEBI Name	hydrogen cyanide

ChEBI ID	CHEBI:18407

Definition	A one-carbon compound consisting of a methine group triple bonded to a nitrogen atom

Stars	This entity has been manually annotated by the ChEBI Team.

Secondary ChEBI IDs	CHEBI:5786, CHEBI:13362

Supplier Information	ZINC000001530296

Download	Molfile XML SDF

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Hydrogen cyanide (formerly known as prussic acid) is a chemical compound with the formula HCN and structural formula H−C≡N. It is a highly toxic and flammable liquid that boils slightly above room temperature, at 25.6 °C (78.1 °F). HCN is produced on an industrial scale and is a highly valued precursor to many chemical compounds ranging from polymers to pharmaceuticals. Large-scale applications are for the production of potassium cyanide and adiponitrile, used in mining and plastics, respectively. It is more toxic than solid cyanide compounds due to its volatile nature. A solution of hydrogen cyanide in water, represented as HCN(aq), is called hydrocyanic acid. The salts of the cyanide anion are known as cyanides. Whether hydrogen cyanide is an organic compound or not is a topic of debate among chemists, and opinions vary from author to author. Traditionally, it is considered inorganic by a significant number of authors. Contrary to this view, it is considered organic by other authors, because hydrogen cyanide belongs to the class of organic compounds known as nitriles which have the formula R−C≡N, where R is typically organyl group (e.g., alkyl or aryl) or hydrogen. In the case of hydrogen cyanide, the R group is hydrogen H, so the other names of hydrogen cyanide are methanenitrile and formonitrile.
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Formula

CHN

Net Charge

Average Mass

27.02530

Monoisotopic Mass

27.01090

InChI

InChI=1S/CHN/c1-2/h1H

InChIKey

LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES

C#N

Roles Classification
Chemical Role(s):	Bronsted acid A molecular entity capable of donating a hydron to an acceptor (Bronsted base). (via hydracid )

Biological Role(s):	Escherichia coli metabolite Any bacterial metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Escherichia coli. human metabolite Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in humans (Homo sapiens). poison Any substance that causes disturbance to organisms by chemical reaction or other activity on the molecular scale, when a sufficient quantity is absorbed by the organism.

ChEBI Ontology
Outgoing	hydrogen cyanide (CHEBI:18407) has role Escherichia coli metabolite (CHEBI:76971) hydrogen cyanide (CHEBI:18407) has role human metabolite (CHEBI:77746) hydrogen cyanide (CHEBI:18407) has role poison (CHEBI:64909) hydrogen cyanide (CHEBI:18407) is a hydracid (CHEBI:33405) hydrogen cyanide (CHEBI:18407) is a one-carbon compound (CHEBI:64708) hydrogen cyanide (CHEBI:18407) is conjugate acid of cyanide (CHEBI:17514) hydrogen cyanide (CHEBI:18407) is tautomer of hydrogen isocyanide (CHEBI:36856)

Incoming	cyanyl (CHEBI:29306) has functional parent hydrogen cyanide (CHEBI:18407) cyanides (CHEBI:23424) has parent hydride hydrogen cyanide (CHEBI:18407) cyanide (CHEBI:17514) is conjugate base of hydrogen cyanide (CHEBI:18407) cyano group (CHEBI:48819) is substituent group from hydrogen cyanide (CHEBI:18407) hydrogen isocyanide (CHEBI:36856) is tautomer of hydrogen cyanide (CHEBI:18407)

IUPAC Names

hydridonitridocarbon

hydrogen(nitridocarbonate)

methanenitrile

Citations

Last Modified

26 May 2016