CHEBI:30751 - formic acid

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ChEBI Name formic acid
ChEBI ID CHEBI:30751
Definition The simplest carboxylic acid, containing a single carbon. Occurs naturally in various sources including the venom of bee and ant stings, and is a useful organic synthetic reagent. Principally used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects.
Stars This entity has been manually annotated by the ChEBI Team.
Secondary ChEBI IDs CHEBI:42460, CHEBI:5145, CHEBI:24082
Supplier Information ChemicalBook:CB1300110, eMolecules:3716409
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Carbon monoxide (chemical formula CO) is a poisonous, flammable gas that is colorless, odorless, tasteless, and slightly less dense than air. Carbon monoxide consists of one carbon atom and one oxygen atom connected by a triple bond. It is the simplest carbon oxide. In coordination complexes, the carbon monoxide ligand is called carbonyl. It is a key ingredient in many processes in industrial chemistry. The most common source of carbon monoxide is the partial combustion of carbon-containing compounds. Numerous environmental and biological sources generate carbon monoxide. In industry, carbon monoxide is important in the production of many compounds, including drugs, fragrances, and fuels. Indoors CO is one of the most acutely toxic contaminants affecting indoor air quality. CO may be emitted from tobacco smoke and generated from malfunctioning fuel burning stoves (wood, kerosene, natural gas, propane) and fuel burning heating systems (wood, oil, natural gas) and from blocked flues connected to these appliances. Carbon monoxide poisoning is the most common type of fatal air poisoning in many countries. Carbon monoxide has important biological roles across phylogenetic kingdoms. It is produced by many organisms, including humans. In mammalian physiology, carbon monoxide is a classical example of hormesis where low concentrations serve as an endogenous neurotransmitter (gasotransmitter) and high concentrations are toxic resulting in carbon monoxide poisoning. It is isoelectronic with both cyanide anion CN− and molecular nitrogen N2.
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Formula CH2O2
Net Charge 0
Average Mass 46.02538
Monoisotopic Mass 46.00548
InChI InChI=1S/CH2O2/c2-1-3/h1H,(H,2,3)
InChIKey BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES [H]C(O)=O
Roles Classification
Chemical Role(s): solvent
A liquid that can dissolve other substances (solutes) without any change in their chemical composition.
protic solvent
A polar solvent that is capable of acting as a hydron (proton) donor.
Bronsted acid
A molecular entity capable of donating a hydron to an acceptor (Bronsted base).
(via oxoacid )
Biological Role(s): antibacterial agent
A substance (or active part thereof) that kills or slows the growth of bacteria.
metabolite
Any intermediate or product resulting from metabolism. The term 'metabolite' subsumes the classes commonly known as primary and secondary metabolites.
Application(s): solvent
A liquid that can dissolve other substances (solutes) without any change in their chemical composition.
astringent
A compound that causes the contraction of body tissues, typically used to reduce bleeding from minor abrasions.
protic solvent
A polar solvent that is capable of acting as a hydron (proton) donor.
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ChEBI Ontology
Outgoing formic acid (CHEBI:30751) has role antibacterial agent (CHEBI:33282)
formic acid (CHEBI:30751) has role astringent (CHEBI:74783)
formic acid (CHEBI:30751) has role metabolite (CHEBI:25212)
formic acid (CHEBI:30751) has role protic solvent (CHEBI:48356)
formic acid (CHEBI:30751) has role solvent (CHEBI:46787)
formic acid (CHEBI:30751) is a monocarboxylic acid (CHEBI:25384)
formic acid (CHEBI:30751) is conjugate acid of formate (CHEBI:15740)
Incoming N-formyl amino acid (CHEBI:50759) has functional parent formic acid (CHEBI:30751)
ammonium formate (CHEBI:63050) has functional parent formic acid (CHEBI:30751)
formamide (CHEBI:16397) has functional parent formic acid (CHEBI:30751)
formamidine (CHEBI:38477) has functional parent formic acid (CHEBI:30751)
formate ester (CHEBI:52343) has functional parent formic acid (CHEBI:30751)
formimidic acid (CHEBI:48431) has functional parent formic acid (CHEBI:30751)
formyl-CoA (CHEBI:15522) has functional parent formic acid (CHEBI:30751)
magnesium formate dihydrate (CHEBI:63006) has functional parent formic acid (CHEBI:30751)
phosphonoformic acid (CHEBI:127780) has functional parent formic acid (CHEBI:30751)
potassium formate (CHEBI:63316) has functional parent formic acid (CHEBI:30751)
formate (CHEBI:15740) is conjugate base of formic acid (CHEBI:30751)
formyl group (CHEBI:42485) is substituent group from formic acid (CHEBI:30751)
IUPAC Name
formic acid
Synonyms Sources
Acide formique ChemIDplus
Ameisensäure ChemIDplus
aminic acid ChemIDplus
bilorin ChemIDplus
Formic acid KEGG COMPOUND
FORMIC ACID PDBeChem
formylic acid ChemIDplus
H‒COOH IUPAC
HCO2H ChEBI
HCOOH NIST Chemistry WebBook
hydrogen carboxylic acid ChemIDplus
Methanoic acid KEGG COMPOUND
methoic acid ChEBI
Manual Xrefs Databases
1749 BPDB
C00001182 KNApSAcK
C00058 KEGG COMPOUND
CN101481304 Patent
DB01942 DrugBank
FMT PDBeChem
FORMATE MetaCyc
Formic_acid Wikipedia
HMDB0000142 HMDB
LMFA01010040 LIPID MAPS
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Registry Numbers Types Sources
1008 Gmelin Registry Number Gmelin
1209246 Reaxys Registry Number Reaxys
64-18-6 CAS Registry Number KEGG COMPOUND
64-18-6 CAS Registry Number NIST Chemistry WebBook
64-18-6 CAS Registry Number ChemIDplus
Citations Types Sources
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Last Modified
23 October 2015