Identification
- Brand Names
- Hemoban, Hemox A, Lumicain, Superdent Hemal, Topical Hemo-stat
- Generic Name
- Aluminum chloride
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB11081
- Background
Aluminum chloride is a chemical compound with the chemical formula AlCl3. When contaminated with iron chloride, it often displays a yellow color compared to the white pure compound. It is used in various chemical applications as a Lewis base, with anhydrous aluminium trichloride being the most commonly used Lewis acid. It may also be found in over-the-counter as an antiperspirant or prescription products as an antihemorrhagic agent. In antiperspirant products, FDA approves the use of aluminum chloride as an active ingredient up to 15%, calculated on the hexahydrate form, in an aqueous solution nonaerosol dosage form 4.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Investigational
- Structure
Structure for Aluminum chloride (DB11081)
- Weight
- Average: 133.341
Monoisotopic: 131.888096562 - Chemical Formula
- AlCl3
- Synonyms
- Aluminium chloride
Pharmacology
- Indication
- Indicated for the control of minor hemorrhage during dental restorative procedures.
- Indicated to reduce underarm perspiration.
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Associated Conditions
Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Prophylaxis of Excessive sweating and body odor ••• ••• ••••••• •••••••• Treatment of Hyperphosphataemia •••••••••••• Management of Minor bleeding •••••••••••• •••••••• - Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Aluminum chloride is a hemostatic and antiperspirant agent.
- Mechanism of action
Aluminum chloride is commonly used topical antiperspirant. It is proposed that aluminum chloride works by causing an obstruction of the distal sweat gland ducts, where the metal ions precipitate with mucopolysaccharides, damaging epithelial cells along the lumen of the duct and forming a plug that blocks sweat output 3. Aluminum chloride is also an astringent that promotes hemostasis; it precipitates proteins on the superficial layer of mucosa and make it mechanically stronger 1. It creates superficial and local coagulation in minor hemorrhages.
Target Actions Organism UGlutamate dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial inactivatorHumans - Absorption
It is reported that about 17-30 % of aluminum chloride formed from the reaction between orally ingested aluminum hydroxide and hydrochloric acid of the stomach is absorbed 5. In rabbits, administration of a single maximum safe oral dose aluminum chloride (333 mg Al/kg) resulted in aluminum absorption of 0.57 % 5. Aluminum chloride may be absorbed via dermal route, with the uptake increasing in the microgram range but with an upper limit 5.
- Volume of distribution
Following oral administration of 8.1 mg/kg of aluminum chloride, the steady‐state volume of distribution of aluminum was 38.4 ± 6.4 mL/kg 2.
- Protein binding
Following oral administration of 8.1 mg/kg of aluminum chloride, the fraction of plasma protein binding of aluminum was approximately 98 % 2.
- Metabolism
In the small intestine, aluminum chloride is rapidly converted to insoluble poorly absorbed basic aluminum salts, consisting of a mixture of hydrated aluminum oxide, oxyaluminum hydroxide, various basic aluminum carbonates, and aluminum soaps 5.
- Route of elimination
Absorbed aluminum chloride is rapidly excreted by the kidneys in individuals with normal renal function 5. Aluminum chloride may be absorbed dermally.
- Half-life
Following oral administration of 8.1 mg/kg of aluminum chloride, the half-life of aluminum was 5.29 ± 0.47 h 2.
- Clearance
Following oral administration of 8.1 mg/kg of aluminum chloride, the clearance of aluminum was 8.87 ± 1.76 mL/(h*kg) 2.
- Adverse Effects
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Oral LD50 is 3470 mg/kg in rat and dermal LD50 is > 2 g/kg in rabbit MSDS. As aluminum accumulates in the brain, ataxia and seizures may be observed following ingestion of higher doses. Mental status changes, including obtundation, lethargy and confusion may be seen 5. Liver damage has been reported in acute and chronic toxicity of aluminum 5.
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareCarbamazepine Aluminum chloride can cause a decrease in the absorption of Carbamazepine resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. Chenodeoxycholic acid Aluminum chloride can cause a decrease in the absorption of Chenodeoxycholic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. Cholic Acid Aluminum chloride can cause a decrease in the absorption of Cholic Acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. Deferasirox Aluminum chloride can cause a decrease in the absorption of Deferasirox resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. Dehydrocholic acid Aluminum chloride can cause a decrease in the absorption of Dehydrocholic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. - Food Interactions
- No interactions found.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Aluminium chloride hexahydrate 3CYT62D3GA 7784-13-6 JGDITNMASUZKPW-UHFFFAOYSA-K - Active Moieties
Name Kind UNII CAS InChI Key Aluminium unknown CPD4NFA903 7429-90-5 XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum cation ionic 3XHB1D032B 22537-23-1 REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N - Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Denti-care Hemostatic Solution Liquid 25 % Dental Amd Medicom Inc 1999-11-26 2006-08-03 Canada 
Frenna AC Solution 8.75 g/35g Dental; Oral; Topical Dharma Research, Inc. 2013-01-01 Not applicable US 
Gibson Healthcare Buffered Hemostatic Solution Solution 7500 mg/30mL Dental Benco Dental 2015-01-01 Not applicable US Gingi Aid 10% Liquid 100 mg / mL Dental Gingi Pak Labs, Division Of Belport Co., Inc. 1979-12-31 1996-09-09 Canada Gingi Aid 25% Liquid 250 mg / mL Dental Gingi Pak Labs, Division Of Belport Co., Inc. 1979-12-31 2004-08-16 Canada - Over the Counter Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Aarica Liquid 15 g/100mL Topical The Podiatree Company 2014-05-06 Not applicable US Aarica Liquid 15 g/100mL Topical The Podiatree Company 2014-05-06 Not applicable US Antiperspirant Towlette Cloth 14 g/100g Topical Zero Sweat 2019-06-01 Not applicable US Aquastop Liq Liquid 20 % Topical Aqua Pharmaceuticals 1977-12-31 2002-08-15 Canada Certain Dri Roll-ON Liquid 0.12 mg/1.0mL Topical Clarion Brands, Llc 2015-11-01 Not applicable US - Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Anti-perspirant Roll-ON Deod Aluminum chloride (2 %) + Aluminum chlorohydrate (20 %) Liquid Topical Estee Lauder Dist 1987-12-31 2002-07-31 Canada Arrid Cream Aluminum chloride (1 %) + Aluminum chlorohydrate (21.2 %) Cream Topical Carter Products, Division Of Carter Wallace Ns Inc. 1939-12-31 1999-09-27 Canada Lexxel Ids Aluminum chloride (23 %) + Hexamidine diisethionate (0.1 %) Gel Topical Vivier Canada Incorporated Not applicable Not applicable Canada Mitchum Anti Perspirant Crm Scented Aluminum chloride (4 g / 100 g) + Alcloxa (250 mg / 100 g) + Aluminum chlorohydrate (19 g / 100 g) Cream Topical Mitchum Thayer Ltd. 1965-12-31 1996-09-09 Canada Mitchum Antipersp Crm Unscented Aluminum chloride (4 %) + Alcloxa (.25 %) + Aluminum chlorohydrate (19 %) Cream Topical Mitchum Thayer Ltd. 1978-12-31 1996-09-09 Canada - Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Frenna AC Aluminium chloride hexahydrate (8.75 g/35g) Solution Dental; Oral; Topical Dharma Research, Inc. 2013-01-01 Not applicable US Gibson Healthcare Buffered Hemostatic Solution Aluminium chloride hexahydrate (7500 mg/30mL) Solution Dental Benco Dental 2015-01-01 Not applicable US Hemal Aluminum chloride (250 mg/1g) Solution Dental Darby Dental Supply Llc 1963-02-19 Not applicable US Hemoban Aluminum chloride (250 mg/1g) Solution Dental DSHealthcare 1963-02-19 2010-02-04 US Hemoban Aluminum chloride (250 mg/1g) Solution Dental Dentsply LLC, Professional Division Trading as "Sultan Healthcare" 1963-02-19 Not applicable US
Categories
- ATC Codes
- D10AX01 — Aluminium chloride
- Drug Categories
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as post-transition metal chlorides. These are inorganic compounds in which the largest halogen atom is Chlorine, and the heaviest metal atom is a post-transition metal.
- Kingdom
- Inorganic compounds
- Super Class
- Mixed metal/non-metal compounds
- Class
- Post-transition metal salts
- Sub Class
- Post-transition metal chlorides
- Direct Parent
- Post-transition metal chlorides
- Alternative Parents
- Inorganic chloride salts
- Substituents
- Inorganic chloride salt / Inorganic salt / Post-transition metal chloride
- Molecular Framework
- Not Available
- External Descriptors
- aluminium coordination entity (CHEBI:30114)
- Affected organisms
- Not Available
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- LIF1N9568Y
- CAS number
- 7446-70-0
- InChI Key
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K
- InChI
- InChI=1S/Al.3ClH/h;3*1H/q+3;;;/p-3
- IUPAC Name
- trichloroalumane
- SMILES
- Cl[Al](Cl)Cl
References
- General References
- Tarighi P, Khoroushi M: A review on common chemical hemostatic agents in restorative dentistry. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2014 Jul;11(4):423-8. [Article]
- Gupta S, Waters D, Gwilt P: Absorption and disposition of aluminum in the rat Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 1986 June 1;75(6):586-589. [Article]
- Khademi Kalantari K, Zeinalzade A, Kobarfard F, Nazary Moghadam S: The effect and persistency of 1% aluminum chloride hexahydrate iontophoresis in the treatment of primary palmar hyperhidrosis. Iran J Pharm Res. 2011 Summer;10(3):641-5. [Article]
- FDA CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21, PART 350: ANTIPERSPIRANT DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE [Link]
- ALUMINUM CHLORIDE - National Library of Medicine HSDB ... - Toxnet [Link]
- TITCK Product Information: Anti-Fosfat AL (aluminum chloride complex) oral capsule [Link]
- External Links
- PubChem Compound
- 24012
- PubChem Substance
- 347827889
- ChemSpider
- 22445
- 46241
- ChEBI
- 30114
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL3833401
- Wikipedia
- Aluminium_chloride
- MSDS
- Download (50.7 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 1 Completed Treatment Hyperhidrosis 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Liquid Topical 15 g/100mL Capsule Oral 300 mg Liquid Topical Cloth Topical 14 g/100g Liquid Topical 20 % Liquid Topical 0.12 mg/1.0mL Liquid Topical 12 mg/100mL Liquid Topical 12 mg/1mL Liquid Dental 25 % Liquid Topical 15 g/100g Gel Topical 150 mg/1mL Solution Dental; Oral; Topical 8.75 g/35g Solution Dental 7500 mg/30mL Liquid Dental 100 mg / mL Liquid Dental 250 mg / mL Packing Dental; Topical 1 mg / 2.54 cm Packing Dental 1 mg / 2.54 cm Solution Dental; Oral; Periodontal 3.75 g/15mL Gel Topical 200 mg / g Cream Topical 15 g/100mL Liquid Dental 250 mg / g Gel Topical 15 g/100mL Solution Topical Solution Topical 15 g/100mL Gel Topical Solution Topical 250 mg/1g Cream Topical Aerosol, spray Topical 150 mg/1mL Liquid Topical 150 mg/1mL Packing Dental Solution Topical 250 mg/1ml Solution Dental; Oral; Topical 7500 mg/30mL Liquid Dental Solution Topical 140 mg/1mL Solution Topical 150 mg/1mL Solution Dental 250 mg/1g Stick Topical 250 mg/1g Liquid Topical 0.0625 g/1g Spray Epidural 4.4375 g/35.5mL Spray Epidural 5.325 g/35.5mL Lotion Topical Liquid Topical 0.15 g/1g Liquid Topical 15 mg/1mL Liquid Topical 0.12 g/1g - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 194 MSDS water solubility Water reactive MSDS - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 3.63 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 2.23 ALOGPS logP 1.65 Chemaxon logS -1.6 ALOGPS Physiological Charge 0 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 0 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 0 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 0 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 0 Chemaxon Refractivity 18.41 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 9.49 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 0 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter No Chemaxon Veber's Rule Yes Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
- Not Available
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
- Not Available
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Not Available
Targets
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inactivator
- General Function
- Nad+ binding
- Specific Function
- Mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase that converts L-glutamate into alpha-ketoglutarate. Plays a key role in glutamine anaplerosis by producing alpha-ketoglutarate, an important intermediate in th...
- Gene Name
- GLUD1
- Uniprot ID
- P00367
- Uniprot Name
- Glutamate dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial
- Molecular Weight
- 61397.315 Da
References
- Yang SJ, Huh JW, Lee JE, Choi SY, Kim TU, Cho SW: Inactivation of human glutamate dehydrogenase by aluminum. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2003 Nov;60(11):2538-46. [Article]
Drug created at December 03, 2015 16:51 / Updated at April 16, 2024 12:20