Entry Name Cell cycle - yeast
Description Mitotic cell cycle progression is accomplished through a reproducible sequence of events, DNA replication (S phase) and mitosis (M phase) separated temporally by gaps (G1 and G2 phases). G1, S, and G2 phases are collectively known as interphase. In yeast Cdc28 is the catalytic subunit of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK). At G1 phase Cdc28 associates with G1-cyclins Cln1 to Cln3, while B-type cyclins Clb1 to Clb6 regulate Cdc28 during S, G2, and M phases. Cln3/Cdc28 activity is required for cells to pass through 'start', the commitment point in G1. When Cln3/Cdc28 accumulates more than a certain threshold, SBF (Swi4/Swi6) and MBF (Mbp1/Swi6) are activated, promoting transcription of Cln1, Cln2, and other genes required for S-phase progression. Cln1 and Cln2 interacting with Cdc28 promote activation of B-type cyclin associated CDK, which drives DNA replication and entry into mitosis. Specifically, Cdc28 association with Clb2 and Clb1 promotes entry into mitosis. Cells suffering from DNA damage, spindle misorientation, or spindle assembly defect do not undergo the metaphase-anaphase transition for chromosome segregation and fail to exit from mitosis. The spindle assembly checkpoint activates Mad2, which in turn prevents chromosome segregation by inhibiting degradation of the securin Pds1. Moreover, Pds1 is phosphorylated and stabilized in response to DNA damage in a Chk1-dependent manner. The spindle checkpoint is also involved in the Cdc14 release from the nucleolus. Cdc14 dephosphorylates Swi5, Sic1, and Cdh1, leading to inhibition of Cdc28 and degradation of cyclin required for mitotic exit.
Class Cellular Processes; Cell growth and deathBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Ortholog table Other DBs Orthology K06646 G1/S-specific cyclin CLN3
K06649 regulatory protein SWI4
K06648 regulatory protein SWI6
K12760 G1/S-specific cyclin CLN1
K06650 G1/S-specific cyclin CLN2
K03085 substrate and inhibitor of the cyclin-dependent protein kinase CDC28
K06647 transcription factor MBP1
K06651 S-phase entry cyclin 5/6
K02213 cell division control protein 6
K02603 origin recognition complex subunit 1
K02604 origin recognition complex subunit 2
K02605 origin recognition complex subunit 3
K02606 origin recognition complex subunit 4
K02607 origin recognition complex subunit 5
K02608 origin recognition complex subunit 6
K12414 DNA replication licensing factor, required for pre-replication complex assembly
K02309 regulatory subunit for Cdc7p protein kinase
K06628 cell division control protein 45
K12412 pheromone receptor transcription factor
K12411 homeobox protein YOX1/YHP1
K12413 G1-specific transcriptional repressor WHI5
K06652 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor FAR1
K03348 anaphase-promoting complex subunit 1
K03349 anaphase-promoting complex subunit 2
K03350 anaphase-promoting complex subunit 3
K03351 anaphase-promoting complex subunit 4
K03352 anaphase-promoting complex subunit 5
K03353 anaphase-promoting complex subunit 6
K03354 anaphase-promoting complex subunit 7
K03355 anaphase-promoting complex subunit 8
K03356 anaphase-promoting complex subunit 9
K03357 anaphase-promoting complex subunit 10
K03358 anaphase-promoting complex subunit 11
K03359 anaphase-promoting complex subunit 12
K12416 anaphase-promoting complex subunit SWM1
K03363 cell division cycle 20, cofactor of APC complex
K03094 S-phase kinase-associated protein 1
K03360 F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein GRR1
K03361 F-box and WD-40 domain protein CDC4
K06654 phosphate system cyclin PHO80
K06658 phosphate system positive regulatory protein PHO4
K02646 regulatory protein PHO2
K06659 G2/mitotic-specific cyclin 3/4
K06679 mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD1
K02537 mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD2
K06680 spindle assembly checkpoint component MAD3
K02180 cell cycle arrest protein BUB3
K02307 DASH complex subunit DAM1
K12575 kinetochore protein SLK19
K04354 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B
K04382 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
K03456 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit A
K12576 sporulation-specific protein 12
K12577 DNA replication fork-blocking protein FOB1
K06687 nucleolar protein involved in exit from mitosis
K02181 cell cycle arrest protein BFA1
K02179 cell cycle arrest protein BUB2
K06681 Gdp/GTP exchange factor required for growth at low temperatures
K06682 Gtp-binding protein of the ras superfamily involved in termination of M-phase
K06684 cell cycle protein kinase DBF2 [EC:2.7.11.-]
K06686 cell cycle protein kinase DBF20 [EC:2.7.11.-]
K09202 regulatory protein SWI5
K03364 cell division cycle 20-like protein 1, cofactor of APC complex
K02220 G2/mitotic-specific cyclin 1
K23469 G2/mitotic-specific cyclin 2
K02219 cyclin-dependent kinase regulatory subunit CKS1
K10259 F-box and WD-40 domain protein MET30
K18669 dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2/3/4 [EC:2.7.12.1 ]
K02515 serine/threonine-protein kinase HSL1, negative regulator of Swe1 kinase [EC:2.7.11.-]
K06668 serine/threonine-protein kinase GIN4 [EC:2.7.11.-]
K02544 G2-specific checkpoint protein
K06663 DNA damage checkpoint protein
K06662 cell cycle checkpoint protein
K02543 cell cycle checkpoint protein MEC1
K12578 DNA damage checkpoint protein LCD1
K06661 DNA repair protein RAD9
K11272 mediator of replication checkpoint protein 1
K02831 ser/thr/tyr protein kinase RAD53 [EC:2.7.11.-]
K09173 regulatory factor X 1/2/3
K06665 general transcriptional corepressor CYC8
K06666 general transcriptional corepressor TUP1
K06636 structural maintenance of chromosome 1
K06669 structural maintenance of chromosome 3 (chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 6)
K06670 cohesin complex subunit SCC1
K06671 cohesin complex subunit SA-1/2
K06672 cohesin loading factor subunit SCC2
K06673 cohesin loading factor subunit SCC4
K06674 structural maintenance of chromosome 2
K06675 structural maintenance of chromosome 4
K06676 condensin complex subunit 2
K06677 condensin complex subunit 1
K06678 condensin complex subunit 3
Compound Reference Authors Devault A, Vallen EA, Yuan T, Green S, Bensimon A, Schwob E
Title Identification of Tah11/Sid2 as the ortholog of the replication licensing factor Cdt1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Journal Reference Authors de Bruin RA, McDonald WH, Kalashnikova TI, Yates J 3rd, Wittenberg C
Title Cln3 activates G1-specific transcription via phosphorylation of the SBF bound repressor Whi5.
Journal Reference Authors Costanzo M, Nishikawa JL, Tang X, Millman JS, Schub O, Breitkreuz K, Dewar D, Rupes I, Andrews B, Tyers M
Title CDK activity antagonizes Whi5, an inhibitor of G1/S transcription in yeast.
Journal Reference Authors Pramila T, Miles S, GuhaThakurta D, Jemiolo D, Breeden LL
Title Conserved homeodomain proteins interact with MADS box protein Mcm1 to restrict ECB-dependent transcription to the M/G1 phase of the cell cycle.
Journal Reference Authors Schwickart M, Havlis J, Habermann B, Bogdanova A, Camasses A, Oelschlaegel T, Shevchenko A, Zachariae W
Title Swm1/Apc13 is an evolutionarily conserved subunit of the anaphase-promoting complex stabilizing the association of Cdc16 and Cdc27.
Journal Reference Authors Penkner AM, Prinz S, Ferscha S, Klein F
Title Mnd2, an essential antagonist of the anaphase-promoting complex during meiotic prophase.
Journal Reference Authors Pesin JA, Orr-Weaver TL
Title Regulation of APC/C activators in mitosis and meiosis.
Journal Reference Authors Dirick L, Bohm T, Nasmyth K
Title Roles and regulation of Cln-Cdc28 kinases at the start of the cell cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Journal Reference Authors Bahler J
Title Cell-cycle control of gene expression in budding and fission yeast.
Journal Reference Authors Peter M, Herskowitz I
Title Direct inhibition of the yeast cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28-Cln by Far1.
Journal Reference Authors Henchoz S, Chi Y, Catarin B, Herskowitz I, Deshaies RJ, Peter M
Title Phosphorylation- and ubiquitin-dependent degradation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor Far1p in budding yeast.
Journal Reference Authors Feldman RM, Correll CC, Kaplan KB, Deshaies RJ
Title A complex of Cdc4p, Skp1p, and Cdc53p/cullin catalyzes ubiquitination of the phosphorylated CDK inhibitor Sic1p.
Journal Reference Authors Schwob E, Bohm T, Mendenhall MD, Nasmyth K
Title The B-type cyclin kinase inhibitor p40SIC1 controls the G1 to S transition in S. cerevisiae.
Journal Reference Authors Mendenhall MD, Hodge AE
Title Regulation of Cdc28 cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity during the cell cycle of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Journal Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 62:1191-243 (1998)
Reference Authors Zachariae W, Nasmyth K
Title Whose end is destruction: cell division and the anaphase-promoting complex.
Journal Reference Authors Jares P, Donaldson A, Blow JJ
Title The Cdc7/Dbf4 protein kinase: target of the S phase checkpoint?
Journal Reference Authors Elsasser S, Chi Y, Yang P, Campbell JL
Title Phosphorylation controls timing of Cdc6p destruction: A biochemical analysis.
Journal Reference Authors Skowyra D, Koepp DM, Kamura T, Conrad MN, Conaway RC, Conaway JW, Elledge SJ, Harper JW
Title Reconstitution of G1 cyclin ubiquitination with complexes containing SCFGrr1 and Rbx1.
Journal Reference Authors Mouillon JM, Persson BL
Title New aspects on phosphate sensing and signalling in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Journal Reference Authors Bean JM, Siggia ED, Cross FR
Title High functional overlap between MluI cell-cycle box binding factor and Swi4/6 cell-cycle box binding factor in the G1/S transcriptional program in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Journal Reference Authors Deshaies RJ
Title Phosphorylation and proteolysis: partners in the regulation of cell division in budding yeast.
Journal Reference Authors Asano S, Park JE, Sakchaisri K, Yu LR, Song S, Supavilai P, Veenstra TD, Lee KS
Title Concerted mechanism of Swe1/Wee1 regulation by multiple kinases in budding yeast.
Journal Reference Authors Kaiser P, Sia RA, Bardes EG, Lew DJ, Reed SI
Title Cdc34 and the F-box protein Met30 are required for degradation of the Cdk-inhibitory kinase Swe1.
Journal Reference Authors Barral Y, Parra M, Bidlingmaier S, Snyder M
Title Nim1-related kinases coordinate cell cycle progression with the organization of the peripheral cytoskeleton in yeast.
Journal Reference Authors Taylor SS
Title Chromosome segregation: dual control ensures fidelity.
Journal Reference Authors Lew DJ, Burke DJ
Title The spindle assembly and spindle position checkpoints.
Journal Reference Authors Simanis V
Title Events at the end of mitosis in the budding and fission yeasts.
Journal Reference Authors Toyn JH, Johnston LH
Title The Dbf2 and Dbf20 protein kinases of budding yeast are activated after the metaphase to anaphase cell cycle transition.
Journal Reference Authors Amon A
Title Together until separin do us part.
Journal Reference Authors Ciosk R, Shirayama M, Shevchenko A, Tanaka T, Toth A, Shevchenko A, Nasmyth K
Title Cohesin's binding to chromosomes depends on a separate complex consisting of Scc2 and Scc4 proteins.
Journal Reference Authors Freeman L, Aragon-Alcaide L, Strunnikov A
Title The condensin complex governs chromosome condensation and mitotic transmission of rDNA.
Journal Reference Authors Fu Y, Pastushok L, Xiao W
Title DNA damage-induced gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Journal Reference Authors Friedel AM, Pike BL, Gasser SM
Title ATR/Mec1: coordinating fork stability and repair.
Journal Reference Authors Chen SH, Zhou H
Title Reconstitution of Rad53 activation by Mec1 through adaptor protein Mrc1.
Journal Reference Authors Amon A
Title A decade of Cdc14--a personal perspective. Delivered on 9 July 2007 at the 32nd FEBS Congress in Vienna, Austria.
Journal Related ko04120 Ubiquitin mediated proteolysis
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