Entry Name Tuberculosis
Description Tuberculosis, or TB, is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. One third of the world's population is thought to be infected with TB. About 90% of those infected result in latent infections, and about 10% of latent infections develop active diseases when their immune system is impaired due to the age, other diseases such as AIDS or exposure to immunosuppressive drugs. TB is transmitted through the air and primarily attacks the lungs, then it can spread by the circulatory system to other parts of body. Once TB bacilli have entered the host by the respiratory route and infected macrophages in the lungs, they interfere with phagosomal maturation, antigen presentation, apoptosis and host immune system to establish persistent or latent infection.
Class Human Diseases; Infectious disease: bacterialBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Ortholog table Disease Orthology K03156 tumor necrosis factor superfamily, member 2
K03158 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A
K03171 tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein
K02373 FAS-associated death domain protein
K04726 BH3 interacting domain death agonist
K02159 apoptosis regulator BAX
K02084 apoptotic protease-activating factor
K02158 Bcl-2-antagonist of cell death
K02161 apoptosis regulator Bcl-2
K04515 calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) II [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
K05132 interferon gamma receptor 1
K05133 interferon gamma receptor 2
K11220 signal transducer and activator of transcription 1
K08062 regulatory factor X-associated ankyrin-containing protein
K08063 regulatory factor X-associated protein
K08064 nuclear transcription factor Y, alpha
K08065 nuclear transcription Y subunit beta
K08066 nuclear transcription factor Y, gamma
K05870 cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1
K05134 interleukin 10 receptor alpha
K05135 interleukin 10 receptor beta
K10059 C-type lectin domain family 4 member E
K07983 high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit gamma
K10074 C-type lectin domain family 7 member A
K12794 caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9
K07369 mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 [EC:3.4.22.-]
K10165 nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2
K08846 receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 [EC:2.7.11.1 ]
K02040 phosphate transport system substrate-binding protein
K04043 molecular chaperone DnaK
K05399 lipopolysaccharide-binding protein
K04391 monocyte differentiation antigen CD14
K05403 toll-interleukin 1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing adaptor protein
K04729 myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88
K02580 nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit
K04735 transcription factor p65
K04440 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8/9/10 (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) [EC:2.7.11.24 ]
K05426 interleukin 23 subunit alpha
K10048 CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), beta
K10049 CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), gamma
K06563 C-type lectin domain family 4 member L/M
K07532 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12
K04513 Ras homolog gene family, member A
K14957 lymphocyte-specific protein 1
K14958 kinase suppressor of Ras 1
K04366 RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase [EC:2.7.11.1 ]
K13375 transforming growth factor beta-1
K13376 transforming growth factor beta-2
K13377 transforming growth factor beta-3
K07438 calcidiol 1-monooxygenase (25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1alpha-hydroxylase) [EC:1.14.15.18 ]
K13916 cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide
K04011 complement component (3b/4b) receptor 1
K06560 mannose receptor, C type
K07887 Ras-related protein Rab-5A
K07888 Ras-related protein Rab-5B
K07889 Ras-related protein Rab-5C
K12478 early endosome antigen 1
K07897 Ras-related protein Rab-7A
K02154 V-type H+-transporting ATPase subunit a
K02146 V-type H+-transporting ATPase subunit d
K02144 V-type H+-transporting ATPase subunit H
K03662 V-type H+-transporting ATPase S1 subunit
K02155 V-type H+-transporting ATPase 16kDa proteolipid subunit
K03661 V-type H+-transporting ATPase 21kDa proteolipid subunit
K06528 lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1/2
K04348 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
K06268 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B regulatory subunit
K06856 immunoglobulin heavy chain
K06498 high affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor I
K06472 low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor II-a
K12560 low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor II-b
K16824 low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor II-c
K06463 low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor III
Compound C01194 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C06124 Sphingosine 1-phosphate
C19190 Trehalose-6,6'-dibehenate
C21790 Mycobacterial trehalose dimycolate
G13105 Triacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol pentamannoside
G13106 Triacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol hexamannoside
G13108 Triacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol dimannoside
G13109 Tetraacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol dimannoside
G13112 Tetraacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol hexamannoside
G13113 Tetraacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol pentamannoside
G13115 Mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan
Reference Authors Saiga H, Shimada Y, Takeda K
Title Innate immune effectors in mycobacterial infection.
Journal Reference Authors Dheda K, Schwander SK, Zhu B, van Zyl-Smit RN, Zhang Y
Title The immunology of tuberculosis: from bench to bedside.
Journal Reference Authors van Crevel R, Ottenhoff TH, van der Meer JW
Title Innate immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Journal Reference Authors Torrelles JB, Azad AK, Henning LN, Carlson TK, Schlesinger LS
Title Role of C-type lectins in mycobacterial infections.
Journal Reference Authors Jo EK, Yang CS, Choi CH, Harding CV
Title Intracellular signalling cascades regulating innate immune responses to Mycobacteria: branching out from Toll-like receptors.
Journal Reference Authors Marakalala MJ, Graham LM, Brown GD
Title The role of Syk/CARD9-coupled C-type lectin receptors in immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections.
Journal Reference Authors Koul A, Herget T, Klebl B, Ullrich A
Title Interplay between mycobacteria and host signalling pathways.
Journal Reference Authors Torrelles JB, Schlesinger LS
Title Diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis mannosylated cell wall determinants impacts adaptation to the host.
Journal Reference Authors Briken V, Porcelli SA, Besra GS, Kremer L
Title Mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan and related lipoglycans: from biogenesis to modulation of the immune response.
Journal Reference Authors Baena A, Porcelli SA
Title Evasion and subversion of antigen presentation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Journal Reference Authors Flannagan RS, Cosio G, Grinstein S
Title Antimicrobial mechanisms of phagocytes and bacterial evasion strategies.
Journal Reference Authors Pieters J
Title Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the macrophage: maintaining a balance.
Journal Reference Authors Scherr N, Jayachandran R, Mueller P, Pieters J
Title Interference of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with macrophage responses.
Journal Indian J Exp Biol 47:401-6 (2009)
Reference Authors Reith W, LeibundGut-Landmann S, Waldburger JM.
Title Regulation of MHC class II gene expression by the class II transactivator.
Journal Reference Authors Rothfuchs AG, Bafica A, Feng CG, Egen JG, Williams DL, Brown GD, Sher A
Title Dectin-1 interaction with Mycobacterium tuberculosis leads to enhanced IL-12p40 production by splenic dendritic cells.
Journal Reference Authors Master SS, Rampini SK, Davis AS, Keller C, Ehlers S, Springer B, Timmins GS, Sander P, Deretic V
Title Mycobacterium tuberculosis prevents inflammasome activation.
Journal Reference Authors Shtrichman R, Samuel CE
Title The role of gamma interferon in antimicrobial immunity.
Journal Related ko00571 Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) biosynthesis
ko04612 Antigen processing and presentation
ko04620 Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
ko04621 NOD-like receptor signaling pathway
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