KEGG PATHWAY: rn00030

PATHWAY: rn00030

Entry

rn00030                     Pathway

Name

Pentose phosphate pathway

Description

The pentose phosphate pathway is a process of glucose turnover that produces NADPH as reducing equivalents and pentoses as essential parts of nucleotides. There are two different phases in the pathway. One is irreversible oxidative phase in which glucose-6P is converted to ribulose-5P by oxidative decarboxylation, and NADPH is generated [MD:M00006]. The other is reversible non-oxidative phase in which phosphorylated sugars are interconverted to generate xylulose-5P, ribulose-5P, and ribose-5P [MD:M00007]. Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) formed from ribose-5P [MD:M00005] is an activated compound used in the biosynthesis of histidine and purine/pyrimidine nucleotides. This pathway map also shows the Entner-Doudoroff pathway where 6-P-gluconate is dehydrated and then cleaved into pyruvate and glyceraldehyde-3P [MD:M00008].

Class

Metabolism; Carbohydrate metabolism

Pathway map

rn00030

Pentose phosphate pathway

Module

M00004

Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:rn00030]

M00005

PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:rn00030]

M00006

Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:rn00030]

M00007

Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:rn00030]

M00008

Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:rn00030]

M00061

D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:rn00030]

M00308

Semi-phosphorylative Entner-Doudoroff pathway, gluconate => glycerate-3P [PATH:rn00030]

M00309

Non-phosphorylative Entner-Doudoroff pathway, gluconate/galactonate => glycerate [PATH:rn00030]

M00345

Formaldehyde assimilation, ribulose monophosphate pathway [PATH:rn00030]

M00580

Pentose phosphate pathway, archaea, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:rn00030]

M00631

D-Galacturonate degradation (bacteria), D-galacturonate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:rn00030]

M00633

Semi-phosphorylative Entner-Doudoroff pathway, gluconate/galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:rn00030]

M00968

Pentose bisphosphate pathway (nucleoside degradation), archaea, nucleoside/NMP => 3-PGA/glycerone phosphate [PATH:rn00030]

Other DBs

GO:

0006098

Reaction

R00305

D-glucose:quinone 1-oxidoreductase

R00756

ATP:D-fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase

R00762

D-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphohydrolase

R00764

diphosphate:D-fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase

R01049

ATP:D-ribose-5-phosphate diphosphotransferase

R01051

ATP:D-ribose 5-phosphotransferase

R01056

D-ribose-5-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase

R01057

D-ribose 1,5-phosphomutase

R01058

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate:NADP+ oxidoreductase

R01066

2-deoxy-D-ribose-5-phosphate acetaldehyde-lyase (D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-forming)

R01067

D-fructose 6-phosphate:D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate glycolaldehyde transferase

R01068

D-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-lyase (glycerone-phosphate-forming)

R01519

D-glucono-1,5-lactone lactonohydrolase

R01520

beta-D-glucose:NAD+ 1-oxoreductase

R01521

beta-D-glucose:NADP+ 1-oxoreductase

R01522

beta-D-glucose:oxygen 1-oxidoreductase

R01528

6-phospho-D-gluconate:NADP+ 2-oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)

R01529

D-ribulose-5-phosphate 3-epimerase

R01538

D-gluconate hydro-lyase (2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate-forming)

R01541

ATP:2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphotransferase

R01544

2-amino-2-deoxy-D-gluconate ammonia-lyase (isomerizing; 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate-forming)

R01621

D-xylulose 5-phosphate D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-lyase (adding phosphate; acetyl-phosphate-forming)

R01641

sedoheptulose-7-phosphate:D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate glycolaldehyde transferase

R01737

ATP:D-gluconate 6-phosphotransferase

R01739

D-gluconate:NADP+ 2-oxidoreductase

R01741

D-gluconate:(acceptor) 2-oxidoreductase

R01844

ATP:sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

R02032

6-phospho-2-dehydro-D-gluconate:NAD+ 2-oxidoreductase

R02034

6-phospho-D-gluconate:NADP+ 2-oxidoreductase

R02035

6-phospho-D-glucono-1,5-lactone lactonohydrolase

R02036

6-phospho-D-gluconate hydro-lyase (2-dehydro-3-deoxy-6-phospho-D-gluconate-forming)

R02658

ATP:2-dehydro-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

R02736

beta-D-glucose-6-phosphate:NADP+ 1-oxoreductase

R02739

alpha-D-glucose 6-phosphate ketol-isomerase

R02749

2-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate 1,5-phosphomutase

R02750

ATP:2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphotransferase

R05338

D-arabino-hex-3-ulose-6-phosphate formaldehyde-lyase (D-ribulose-5-phosphate-forming)

R05339

D-arabino-hex-3-ulose-6-phosphate isomerase

R05605

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-6-phospho-D-gluconate D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-lyase (pyruvate-forming)

R05805

ADP:D-fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase

R06620

D-glucose:ubiquinone oxidoreductase

R06836

ATP:ribose-1,5-bisphosphate phosphotransferase

R06837

ribose 1-phosphokinase

R07147

D-glucose:NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase

R08570

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate D-glyceraldehyde-lyase (pyruvate-forming)

R08571

glyceraldehyde ferredoxin oxidoreductase

R08572

ATP:(R)-glycerate 2-phosphotransferase

R08575

sedoheptulose-7-phosphate:D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate glyceronetransferase

R10221

6-phospho-D-gluconate:NAD+ 2-oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)

R10324

D-glyceraldehyde:acceptor oxidoreductase (FAD-containing)

R10407

R10408

D-glucosaminate-6-phosphate ammonia-lyase

R10555

alpha-D-ribose 1,5-bisphosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase

R10615

D-glyceraldehyde:NADP+ oxidoreductase

R10860

D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

R10907

beta-D-glucose-6-phosphate:NAD+ 1-oxidoreductase

R11535

ADP:alpha-D-ribose-1-phosphate 5-phosphotransferase

R13089

alpha-D-ribose-1-phosphate 5-kinase (ATP)

R13199

alpha-D-glucose-6-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase

Compound

C00022

Pyruvate

C00031

D-Glucose

C00085

D-Fructose 6-phosphate

C00117

D-Ribose 5-phosphate

C00118

D-Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

C00119

5-Phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

C00121

D-Ribose

C00197

3-Phospho-D-glycerate

C00198

D-Glucono-1,5-lactone

C00199

D-Ribulose 5-phosphate

C00204

2-Dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate

C00221

beta-D-Glucose

C00231

D-Xylulose 5-phosphate

C00257

D-Gluconic acid

C00258

D-Glycerate

C00279

D-Erythrose 4-phosphate

C00345

6-Phospho-D-gluconate

C00354

D-Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

C00577

D-Glyceraldehyde

C00620

alpha-D-Ribose 1-phosphate

C00631

2-Phospho-D-glycerate

C00668

alpha-D-Glucose 6-phosphate

C00672

2-Deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

C00673

2-Deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphate

C01151

D-Ribose 1,5-bisphosphate

C01172

beta-D-Glucose 6-phosphate

C01182

D-Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate

C01218

6-Phospho-2-dehydro-D-gluconate

C01236

D-Glucono-1,5-lactone 6-phosphate

C01801

Deoxyribose

C02076

Sedoheptulose

C03752

2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-gluconate

C04442

2-Dehydro-3-deoxy-6-phospho-D-gluconate

C05382

Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

C06019

D-arabino-Hex-3-ulose 6-phosphate

C06473

2-Keto-D-gluconic acid

C20589

D-Glucosaminate-6-phosphate

Reference

Authors

Nishizuka Y (ed).

Title

[Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)

Journal

Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1980)

Reference

Authors

Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).

Title

[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)

Journal

Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)

Reference

Authors

Michal G.

Title

Biochemical Pathways

Journal

Wiley (1999)

Reference

PMID:12700258

Authors

Hove-Jensen B, Rosenkrantz TJ, Haldimann A, Wanner BL.

Title

Escherichia coli phnN, encoding ribose 1,5-bisphosphokinase activity (phosphoribosyl diphosphate forming): dual role in phosphonate degradation and NAD biosynthesis pathways.

Journal

J Bacteriol 185:2793-801 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.9.2793-2801.2003

Reference

PMID:16788179

Authors

Orita I, Sato T, Yurimoto H, Kato N, Atomi H, Imanaka T, Sakai Y

Title

The ribulose monophosphate pathway substitutes for the missing pentose phosphate pathway in the archaeon Thermococcus kodakaraensis.

Journal

J Bacteriol 188:4698-704 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00492-06

Reference

PMID:16428816

Authors

Kato N, Yurimoto H, Thauer RK

Title

The physiological role of the ribulose monophosphate pathway in bacteria and archaea.

Journal

Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 70:10-21 (2006)
DOI:10.1271/bbb.70.10

Reference

PMID:23279921

Authors

Kouril T, Wieloch P, Reimann J, Wagner M, Zaparty M, Albers SV, Schomburg D, Ruoff P, Siebers B

Title

Unraveling the function of the two Entner-Doudoroff branches in the thermoacidophilic Crenarchaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus P2.

Journal

FEBS J 280:1126-38 (2013)
DOI:10.1111/febs.12106

Reference

PMID:16458304

Authors

Reher M, Schonheit P

Title

Glyceraldehyde dehydrogenases from the thermoacidophilic euryarchaeota Picrophilus torridus and Thermoplasma acidophilum, key enzymes of the non-phosphorylative Entner-Doudoroff pathway, constitute a novel enzyme family within the aldehyde dehydrogenase superfamily.

Journal

FEBS Lett 580:1198-204 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.febslet.2006.01.029

Reference

PMID:20023024

Authors

Reher M, Fuhrer T, Bott M, Schonheit P

Title

The nonphosphorylative Entner-Doudoroff pathway in the thermoacidophilic euryarchaeon Picrophilus torridus involves a novel 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate- specific aldolase.

Journal

J Bacteriol 192:964-74 (2010)
DOI:10.1128/JB.01281-09

Related
pathway

rn00010

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis

rn00040

Pentose and glucuronate interconversions

rn00052

Galactose metabolism

rn00230

Purine metabolism

rn00240