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HPD 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 3242, updated on 4-Jan-2025

Summary

Official Symbol
HPDprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenaseprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:5147
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000158104 MIM:609695; AllianceGenome:HGNC:5147
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
PPD; HPPD; 4HPPD; GLOD3; 4-HPPD; HPPDASE
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene is an enzyme in the catabolic pathway of tyrosine. The encoded protein catalyzes the conversion of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to homogentisate. Defects in this gene are a cause of tyrosinemia type 3 (TYRO3) and hawkinsinuria (HAWK). Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2010]
Expression
Biased expression in liver (RPKM 441.7) and kidney (RPKM 174.9) See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See HPD in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
12q24.31
Exon count:
17
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 12 NC_000012.12 (121839527..121888611, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 12 NC_060936.1 (121836201..121884910, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 12 NC_000012.11 (122277433..122326517, complement)

Chromosome 12 - NC_000012.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene transmembrane protein 120B Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122216872-122217390 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122217391-122217909 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7182 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7183 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4988 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122227166-122227882 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7184 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7185 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122230665-122231496 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122231502-122232042 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122232583-122233123 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7187 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122235825-122236366 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122236367-122236906 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122236907-122237446 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122237447-122237986 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4992 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4993 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7188 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7189 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7190 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4994 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4995 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4996 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4997 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1089 Neighboring gene ras homolog family member F, filopodia associated Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122248237-122249046 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122249091-122249703 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4998 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4999 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122252006-122252512 Neighboring gene SET domain containing 1B, histone lysine methyltransferase Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122276754-122277424 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5000 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122278096-122278765 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122293687-122294886 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122297907-122298424 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122298425-122298941 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 2080 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 2229 Neighboring gene transcript inducer of AURKA lysosomal degradation Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122326353-122326966 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122326967-122327580 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr12:122349577-122349733 Neighboring gene proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 9 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5001 Neighboring gene RNA, U7 small nuclear 170 pseudogene Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122362388-122363066 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5002 Neighboring gene cilia and flagella associated protein 251 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122396110-122396629 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122396630-122397148 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:122409067-122409566 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7192 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7193 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7194 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7195 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 10891 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124903038

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Phenotypes

Associated conditions

Description Tests
Hawkinsinuria
MedGen: C2931042 OMIM: 140350 GeneReviews: Not available
Compare labs
Tyrosinemia type III
MedGen: C0268623 OMIM: 276710 GeneReviews: Not available
Compare labs

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
A genome-wide association study of metabolic traits in human urine.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Novel genetic loci identified for the pathophysiology of childhood obesity in the Hispanic population.
EBI GWAS Catalog

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

General gene information

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in L-phenylalanine catabolic process  
involved_in tyrosine catabolic process  
acts_upstream_of_or_within tyrosine catabolic process PubMed 
involved_in tyrosine catabolic process  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in Golgi membrane  
located_in cytosol  
is_active_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane  
located_in extracellular exosome PubMed 

General protein information

Preferred Names
4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase
Names
4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid oxidase
glyoxalase domain containing 3
p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase
NP_001165464.1
NP_002141.2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_016461.2 RefSeqGene

    Range
    34752..54084
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001171993.2NP_001165464.1  4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase isoform 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001165464.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR and coding sequence compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) is shorter at the N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC069503, AC079360
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS53839.1
    Related
    ENSP00000441677.1, ENST00000543163.5
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd07250
    Location:139334
    HPPD_C_like; C-terminal domain of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HppD) and hydroxymandelate Synthase (HmaS)
    cd08342
    Location:1123
    HPPD_N_like; N-terminal domain of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) and hydroxymandelate Synthase (HmaS)
    TIGR01263
    Location:1342
    4HPPD; 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase
  2. NM_002150.3NP_002141.2  4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase isoform 1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longer isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC079360
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS9224.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A0A0B4J1R4, A8K461, B3KQ63, P32754, Q13234
    Related
    ENSP00000289004.4, ENST00000289004.8
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    TIGR01263
    Location:19381
    4HPPD; 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000012.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    121839527..121888611 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060936.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    121836201..121884910 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
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