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BAD BCL2 associated agonist of cell death [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 572, updated on 4-Jan-2025

Summary

Official Symbol
BADprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
BCL2 associated agonist of cell deathprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:936
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000002330 MIM:603167; AllianceGenome:HGNC:936
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
BBC2; BCL2L8
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the BCL-2 family. BCL-2 family members are known to be regulators of programmed cell death. This protein positively regulates cell apoptosis by forming heterodimers with BCL-xL (B-cell lymphoma-extra large) and BCL-2, and reversing their death repressor activity. Proapoptotic activity of this protein is regulated through its phosphorylation. Protein kinases AKT and MAP kinase, as well as protein phosphatase calcineurin were found to be involved in the regulation of this protein. Alternative splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants which encode the same isoform. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2019]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in colon (RPKM 20.0), fat (RPKM 18.4) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See BAD in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
11q13.1
Exon count:
4
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 11 NC_000011.10 (64269828..64284704, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 11 NC_060935.1 (64259856..64274668, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 11 NC_000011.9 (64037300..64052176, complement)

Chromosome 11 - NC_000011.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene PPP1R14B antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3470 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3471 Neighboring gene protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 14B Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:64015853-64016500 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:64016501-64017146 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:64017147-64017794 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:64019089-64019734 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:64019735-64020381 Neighboring gene phospholipase C beta 3 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4892 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4893 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3473 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4894 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:64038093-64038658 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4895 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4896 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:64042574-64043234 Neighboring gene G protein-coupled receptor 137 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:64043895-64044554 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:64046081-64046582 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3474 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3475 Neighboring gene KCNK4-CATSPERZ readthrough (NMD candidate) Neighboring gene potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K member 4 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:64066730-64067724 Neighboring gene catsper channel auxiliary subunit zeta

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Phenotypes

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
A meta-analysis and genome-wide association study of platelet count and mean platelet volume in african americans.
EBI GWAS Catalog
A novel sarcoidosis risk locus for Europeans on chromosome 11q13.1.
EBI GWAS Catalog

HIV-1 interactions

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env Treatment of cells with dsRNA against 14-3-3tau enhances gp120-mediated dephosphorylation of Bad and its association with Bcl-XL in mitochondria, and accelerates gp120-induced apoptosis PubMed
env Binding of gp120 to CXCR4 induces cell apoptosis through decreased binding of 14-3-3tau to the pro-apoptotic molecule, Bad. Suppression of Bad by RNAi rescues cells from apoptosis triggered by HIV-1 gp120 PubMed
env PDGF protects neurons from gp120-induced cytotoxicity through an increased phosphorylation of both GSK-3beta and Bad, the downregulation of the proapoptotic protein Bax, and inhibition of gp120-induced release of mitochondrial cytochrome C PubMed
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor env Treatment of CD4+ cells with HIV-1 gp160 causes intracellular calcium increase followed by the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria; association of BAD with Bcl-xL is observed, and a portion of BAD is dephosphorylated after gp160 induction PubMed
Nef nef HIV-1 Nef-associated p21-activated kinase (PAK), which is activated by Nef, phosphorylates BCL2-antagonist of cell death (BAD) leading to induction of anti-apoptotic signals PubMed
Tat tat HIV-1 Tat induces phosphorylation of BAD in Tat-expressing cells and HIV-1-infected cells PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat enhances phosphorylation of BAD in vincristine-treated Kaposi's sarcoma cells, an effect that contributes to the anti-apoptotic effect of Tat in these cells PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

General gene information

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Items 1 - 25 of 40
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in ADP metabolic process  
involved_in ATP metabolic process  
involved_in activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity PubMed 
involved_in apoptotic process PubMed 
involved_in apoptotic process PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to hypoxia PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to lipid  
involved_in cellular response to mechanical stimulus PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to nicotine PubMed 
involved_in cytokine-mediated signaling pathway  
involved_in extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway  
involved_in extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway PubMed 
involved_in extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand  
involved_in extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors  
involved_in glucose catabolic process  
involved_in glucose homeostasis  
involved_in intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway  
involved_in intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway PubMed 
involved_in intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage  
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process PubMed 
involved_in pore complex assembly PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of B cell differentiation  
involved_in positive regulation of T cell differentiation  
involved_in positive regulation of apoptotic process PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of apoptotic process PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of apoptotic process PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of autophagy PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity  
involved_in positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of insulin secretion  
involved_in positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus  
involved_in positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress  
involved_in positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential  
involved_in positive regulation of proteolysis PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell development  
involved_in regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability  
involved_in regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability PubMed 
involved_in release of cytochrome c from mitochondria  
involved_in type B pancreatic cell proliferation  
Items 1 - 25 of 40
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of BAD-BCL-2 complex PubMed 
is_active_in cytosol  
located_in cytosol PubMed 
located_in cytosol  
located_in mitochondrial outer membrane PubMed 
located_in mitochondrial outer membrane  
located_in mitochondrion PubMed 
is_active_in mitochondrion  
located_in mitochondrion  

General protein information

Preferred Names
bcl2-associated agonist of cell death
Names
BCL-X/BCL-2 binding protein
BCL2-antagonist of cell death protein
BCL2-binding component 6
BCL2-binding protein
bcl-2-binding component 6
bcl-2-like protein 8
bcl-XL/Bcl-2-associated death promoter
bcl2 antagonist of cell death
bcl2-L-8

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_004322.3NP_004313.1  bcl2-associated agonist of cell death

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_004313.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript. Variants 1 and 2 both encode the same protein.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK291863, AW014069, BC001901, BE255791, BG435829
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS8065.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O14803, Q6FH21, Q92934
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B4DZQ9
    Related
    ENSP00000378040.3, ENST00000394532.7
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam10514
    Location:1168
    Bcl-2_BAD; Pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein, BAD
  2. NM_032989.3NP_116784.1  bcl2-associated agonist of cell death

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_116784.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1 and 2 both encode the same protein.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK291863, AW014069
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS8065.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O14803, Q6FH21, Q92934
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B4DZQ9
    Related
    ENSP00000309103.3, ENST00000309032.8
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam10514
    Location:1168
    Bcl-2_BAD; Pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein, BAD

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000011.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    64269828..64284704 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060935.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    64259856..64274668 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
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