PTGS1 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: PTGS1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:9604
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000095303 MIM:176805; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9604
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: COX1; COX3; PHS1; PCOX1; PES-1; PGHS1; PTGHS; PGG/HS; PGHS-1
Summary: This is one of two genes encoding similar enzymes that catalyze the conversion of arachidonate to prostaglandin. The encoded protein regulates angiogenesis in endothelial cells, and is inhibited by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin. Based on its ability to function as both a cyclooxygenase and as a peroxidase, the encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein. The protein may promote cell proliferation during tumor progression. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2021]
Expression: Biased expression in skin (RPKM 36.8), esophagus (RPKM 21.4) and 12 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 9q33.2

Exon count:: 14

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2023_10	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	9	NC_000009.12 (122370533..122395703)
RS_2023_10	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	9	NC_060933.1 (134568002..134593163)
105.20220307	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	9	NC_000009.11 (125132812..125157982)

Chromosome 9 - NC_000009.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

The PTGS1 (rs1330344) CC Genotype Contributes to Susceptibility to Kawasaki Disease in Southern Chinese Children.
Title: The PTGS1 (rs1330344) CC Genotype Contributes to Susceptibility to Kawasaki Disease in Southern Chinese Children.
EVI1 upregulates PTGS1 (COX1) and decreases the action of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in chronic myeloid leukemia cells.
Title: EVI1 upregulates PTGS1 (COX1) and decreases the action of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in chronic myeloid leukemia cells.
Effect of CYP2C9, PTGS-1 and PTGS-2 gene polymorphisms on the efficiency and safety of postoperative analgesia with ketoprofen.
Title: Effect of CYP2C9, PTGS-1 and PTGS-2 gene polymorphisms on the efficiency and safety of postoperative analgesia with ketoprofen.
Human mtRF1 terminates COX1 translation and its ablation induces mitochondrial ribosome-associated quality control.
Title: Human mtRF1 terminates COX1 translation and its ablation induces mitochondrial ribosome-associated quality control.
COX-1, COX-2 and CYP2C19 variations may be related to cardiovascular events due to acetylsalicylic acid resistance.
Title: COX-1, COX-2 and CYP2C19 variations may be related to cardiovascular events due to acetylsalicylic acid resistance.
Association between Vitamin Intake and Chronic Kidney Disease According to a Variant Located Upstream of the PTGS1 Gene: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Shika Study.
Title: Association between Vitamin Intake and Chronic Kidney Disease According to a Variant Located Upstream of the PTGS1 Gene: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Shika Study.
PTGS1 gene variations associated with bleeding and platelet dysfunction.
Title: PTGS1 gene variations associated with bleeding and platelet dysfunction.
MYLK and PTGS1 Genetic Variations Associated with Osteoporosis and Benign Breast Tumors in Korean Women.
Title: MYLK and PTGS1 Genetic Variations Associated with Osteoporosis and Benign Breast Tumors in Korean Women.
Identification of a homozygous recessive variant in PTGS1 resulting in a congenital aspirin-like defect in platelet function.
Title: Identification of a homozygous recessive variant in PTGS1 resulting in a congenital aspirin-like defect in platelet function.
COX-1 dependent biosynthesis of 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in human mast cells.
Title: COX-1 dependent biosynthesis of 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in human mast cells.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (202)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120	env	HIV-1 gp120 increases the intracellular concentrations of prostaglandin E2 and leukotriene B4 by upregulating the activity and expression of the arachidonate-metabolizing enzymes prostaglandin H synthase and 5-lipoxygenase, respectively	PubMed
	env	Preincubation of human astrocytoma cells with HIV-1 gp120 produces a significant increase of nitrite and PGE2 in cell supernatants; the effect of gp120 on both nitrite and PGE2 production is inhibited by antagonists of NO synthase or cyclooxygenase	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

SHGC-30513 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:20482

D9S2049 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:53780

SHGC-148713 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:184917

PTGS1_1841 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:280935

RH45319 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:14001

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables heme binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables peroxidase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cellular oxidant detoxification	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cyclooxygenase pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cyclooxygenase pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in prostaglandin biosynthetic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in regulation of blood pressure	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in regulation of cell population proliferation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to oxidative stress	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in Golgi apparatus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in extracellular exosome	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
is_active_in neuron projection	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in photoreceptor outer segment	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: prostaglandin G/H synthase 1

Names: PGH synthase 1; cyclooxygenase-1; prostaglandin H2 synthase 1; prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase)

NP_000953.2

EC 1.14.99.1

NP_001258093.1

EC 1.14.99.1

NP_001258094.1

EC 1.14.99.1

NP_001258095.1

EC 1.14.99.1

NP_001258296.1

EC 1.14.99.1

NP_001258297.1

EC 1.14.99.1

NP_542158.1

EC 1.14.99.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_032900.1 RefSeqGene

Range

5075..29754

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_639

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_000962.4 → NP_000953.2 prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 isoform 1 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_000953.2

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AI813317, AL162424, AL359636, DA392280, M59979

Consensus CDS

CCDS6842.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A8K1V7, B4DHQ2, B4E2S5, P23219, Q15122, Q3HY28, Q3HY29, Q5T7T6, Q5T7T7, Q5T7T8

Related

ENSP00000354612.2, ENST00000362012.7

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd09816
Location:89 → 575

prostaglandin_endoperoxide_synthase; Animal prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase and related bacterial proteins

cd00054
Location:32 → 69

EGF_CA; Calcium-binding EGF-like domain, present in a large number of membrane-bound and extracellular (mostly animal) proteins. Many of these proteins require calcium for their biological function and calcium-binding sites have been found to be located at the ...
NM_001271164.2 → NP_001258093.1 prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 isoform 3 precursor

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks an alternate exon in the coding region, compared to isoform 1. The encoded isoform (3) is shorter than isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AI813317, AL162424, AL359636, CD014048, DA392280

Consensus CDS

CCDS75895.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A087X296

Related

ENSP00000483540.2, ENST00000619306.5

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd09816
Location:89 → 527

prostaglandin_endoperoxide_synthase; Animal prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase and related bacterial proteins

cd00054
Location:32 → 69

EGF_CA; Calcium-binding EGF-like domain, present in a large number of membrane-bound and extracellular (mostly animal) proteins. Many of these proteins require calcium for their biological function and calcium-binding sites have been found to be located at the ...
NM_001271165.2 → NP_001258094.1 prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 isoform 4

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001258094.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (4) differs in the 5' UTR, lacks a portion of the 5' coding region, and initiates translation at an alternate downstream in-frame start site, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (4) has a shorter N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AI813317, AK290022, AK304403, AL162424, AL359636

Consensus CDS

CCDS59521.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A2R8YDM0

Related

ENSP00000362802.5, ENST00000373698.7

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd09816
Location:2 → 466

prostaglandin_endoperoxide_synthase; Animal prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase and related bacterial proteins
NM_001271166.2 → NP_001258095.1 prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 isoform 5

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001258095.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (5) differs in the 5' UTR and contains multiple differences in the coding region, compared to variant 1. These differences result in initiation of translation at an alternate downstream in-frame start site, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (5) is shorter than isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AI813317, AK295221, AK308222, AL162424, AL359636

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A2R8YDM0

Related

ENSP00000494717.1, ENST00000643810.1

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd09816
Location:2 → 429

prostaglandin_endoperoxide_synthase; Animal prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase and related bacterial proteins
NM_001271367.2 → NP_001258296.1 prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 isoform 5

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001258296.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (6) uses two alternate splice sites at internal exons, compared to variant 1. These differences result in initiation of translation at an alternate downstream in-frame start site, compared to variant 1. The primary ORF can be translated due to a combination of reinitiation and leaky scanning. The encoded isoform (5) is shorter than isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AI813317, AL162424, AL359636, CD014049, DA392280

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A2R8YDM0

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd09816
Location:2 → 429

prostaglandin_endoperoxide_synthase; Animal prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase and related bacterial proteins
NM_001271368.2 → NP_001258297.1 prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 isoform 6

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001258297.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (7) differs in the 5' UTR, lacks a portion of the 5' coding region, and initiates translation at an alternate start site, compared to variant 1. The primary ORF can be translated due to a combination of reinitiation and leaky scanning. The encoded isoform (6) is shorter and has a distinct N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AI813317, AK295221, AK308222, AL162424, AL359636

Consensus CDS

CCDS59520.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P23219

Related

ENSP00000437709.1, ENST00000540753.6

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd09816
Location:64 → 513

prostaglandin_endoperoxide_synthase; Animal prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase and related bacterial proteins

cd00054
Location:8 → 44

EGF_CA; Calcium-binding EGF-like domain, present in a large number of membrane-bound and extracellular (mostly animal) proteins. Many of these proteins require calcium for their biological function and calcium-binding sites have been found to be located at the ...
NM_080591.3 → NP_542158.1 prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 isoform 2 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_542158.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the coding region, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) is shorter than isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AI813317, AL162424, AL359636, DA392280, S36219

Consensus CDS

CCDS6843.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P23219

Related

ENSP00000223423.4, ENST00000223423.8

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd09816
Location:89 → 538

prostaglandin_endoperoxide_synthase; Animal prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase and related bacterial proteins

cd00054
Location:32 → 69

EGF_CA; Calcium-binding EGF-like domain, present in a large number of membrane-bound and extracellular (mostly animal) proteins. Many of these proteins require calcium for their biological function and calcium-binding sites have been found to be located at the ...