Analysis of polymorphism in locus of the gene of serotonin transporter (hSERT) was performed in men of Russian and Tatar nationalities with acute alcoholic psychoses by polymerase chain reaction. An absence of the differences in the distribution of the frequences of genotypes and alleles of hSERT gene was observed between populations examined, that corresponded to such values in Caucasians. An association was found between the allelic variations with 9 units of the repetitions of hSERT gene and an early onset of chronic alcoholization and development of acute alcoholic psychosis. Among the men, who developed acute alcoholic psychosis at the age over 35 there were significant differences in distribution of frequences of genotype of hSERT-gene between the populations. Genetic heterogeneity of such pathology in Russians and Tatars and impact of hSERT in the development of the disease in Tatars, are suggested.