Granzyme B proteolysis of a neuronal glutamate receptor generates an autoantigen and is modulated by glycosylation

J Immunol. 2001 Feb 1;166(3):1433-8. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.166.3.1433.

Abstract

Autoimmune processes are initiated when tolerance to self-proteins fails to be established or maintained and immune cells are stimulated by self-Ags. Although intracellular autoantigens are common, the origin of extracellular autoantigens is poorly defined and possibly more dangerous. In this study, we considered a mechanism for the origin of an extracellular autoantigen from the neuronal glutamate receptor subunit 3 (GluR3) in Rasmussen's encephalitis, a severe form of pediatric epilepsy. We demonstrate that specific cleavage of GluR3 by granzyme B (GB), a serine protease released by activated immune cells, can generate the GluR3B autoantigenic peptide, but only if an internal N:-linked glycosylation sequon within the GluR3-GB recognition sequence (ISND*S) is not glycosylated. However, this N:-glycon sequon while glycosylated normally is inefficiently used and glycosylation can fail. These results suggest that GB/N:-glycon sites may escape normal tolerance mechanisms and contribute to autoantibody-mediated immune diseases.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Autoantigens / metabolism*
  • Cell Line
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Cerebral Cortex / enzymology
  • Cerebral Cortex / immunology
  • Cerebral Cortex / metabolism
  • Encephalitis / enzymology
  • Encephalitis / immunology
  • Encephalitis / metabolism
  • Glycosylation
  • Granzymes
  • Humans
  • Hydrolysis
  • Immunity, Innate
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
  • Neurons / enzymology*
  • Neurons / immunology*
  • Neurons / metabolism
  • Receptors, AMPA / biosynthesis
  • Receptors, AMPA / genetics
  • Receptors, AMPA / metabolism*
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / genetics
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism
  • Serine Endopeptidases / metabolism*
  • Transfection

Substances

  • Autoantigens
  • Receptors, AMPA
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 3
  • GZMB protein, human
  • Granzymes
  • Gzmb protein, mouse
  • Serine Endopeptidases