Two p53 variable sites (BstUI and MspI SNPs in exon 4 and intron 6, respectively) and their haplotype combinations were studied in 109 patients (84 males and 25 females) with lung cancer and 113 healthy controls from the region of Eastern Slovakia. There were no differences found between lung cancer patients and controls carrying the distribution of p53 BstUI and MspI alleles. However, the genotype distribution showed a significantly higher proportion of MspI heterozygotes in lung cancer patients (P=0.048, OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.00-3.34) than in controls. The analysis based on haplotype frequencies showed the presence of BstUI-MspI 2-1 haplotype in cancer patients (5.4%) in contrast to the absence of this haplotype in healthy controls. The results of this study suggest that the p53 MspI polymorphism may modify the susceptibility to lung cancer as a single factor rather than in combination with BstUI polymorphism.