Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies - also known as prion-related diseases - are a group of fatal neurodegenerative disorders associated with the misfolding of prion protein. Several unprecedented scientific findings, which have directly confronted popular dogmas in biology, have put prion research in the spotlight. The experimental evidence supports an entirely novel disease mechanism, involving disease transmission by replication of protein conformation. Here, we describe exciting scientific findings that make the prion field attractively heretical, and we propose the transmission of protein conformation as a novel approach to producing drugs to combat a variety of diseases.