Role of nitric oxide in zymosan induced paw inflammation and thermal hyperalgesia

Inflamm Res. 2001 Feb;50(2):83-8. doi: 10.1007/s000110050728.

Abstract

Objective: To assess the involvement of spinal inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in inflammation and nociception.

Materials and methods: The time course of iNOS mRNA expression in rat spinal cord and inflamed paw was assessed by means of quantitative real time RT-PCR. In addition, the effects of the iNOS inhibitor L-NIL on inflammatory paw edema and thermal hyperalgesia were studied in comparison to those of the NO-donor RE-2047. L-NIL (3, 9, 27 and 81 mg/kg) and RE-2047 (3, 9 and 27 mg/kg) or vehicle were administered orally 15 min prior to the intraplantar injection of 0.625 mg zymosan.

Results: Following zymosan injection, mRNA expression of iNOS increased in the inflamed paw and spinal cord with a maximum at 2.5 and 4 h, respectively. In the spinal cord iNOS mRNA started to decline at 10 h whereas it remained at maximum in the inflamed paw up to the end of the observation period of 24 h. As expected, RE-2047 had significant pronociceptive and proinflammatory effects. L-NIL significantly reduced paw inflammation at 27 and 81 mg/kg but failed to reduce hyperalgesia at the doses tested.

Conclusions: The results show that iNOS is upregulated in the inflamed tissue and spinal cord with a similar time course. The effects obtained with L-NIL suggest that iNOS differently contributes to the inflammatory and nociceptive response induced by zymosan.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Foot
  • Hot Temperature*
  • Hyperalgesia / enzymology
  • Hyperalgesia / etiology*
  • Inflammation / chemically induced*
  • Inflammation / enzymology
  • Kinetics
  • Lysine / analogs & derivatives
  • Lysine / pharmacokinetics
  • Lysine / pharmacology
  • Male
  • Nitric Oxide / physiology*
  • Nitric Oxide Donors / pharmacology
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase / genetics
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
  • RNA, Messenger / analysis
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Spinal Cord / chemistry
  • Sydnones / pharmacology
  • Zymosan / administration & dosage*

Substances

  • 3-methylsydnone-5-nitrosimine
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • N(6)-(1-iminoethyl)lysine
  • Nitric Oxide Donors
  • RNA, Messenger
  • Sydnones
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Zymosan
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
  • Nos2 protein, rat
  • Lysine