Debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase (CYP2D6) is one of the cytochrome P450 enzyme families that metabolize many compounds. Polymorphic activities of debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase were suggested to be associated with some complex diseases, such as cancer and Parkinson's disease. Schizophrenia is also a complex disorder, and hence we are interested in understanding if the CYP2D6 gene is a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia in Chinese. We determined the genotype and allele frequencies of four molecular variants of CYP2D6 gene (i.e. 188C/T, 1934G/A, 2938C/T and 4268C/G) in 162 Chinese schizophrenic patients and 94 non-psychotic control subjects from Taiwan. No significant differences of allele or genotype frequencies of three polymorphisms (i.e. 188T/C, 2938C/T and 4268C/G) were detected between patients and control subjects. The 1934A allele, which accounts for the majority of poor metabolizers in Caucasians, was not detected in either patients or control subjects, indicating that the 1934A allele is very rare in Chinese. Our data suggest that the CYP2D6 gene may not be a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia in Chinese schizophrenic patients.