Abstract
It is unclear how the cytokine network contributes to the expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We examined the gene expression of GM-CSF and interleukin (IL)-10 in 78 surgical specimens and 16 xenografts of NSCLC by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Forty-four of the 78 (56.4%) surgical specimens and 11 of the 16 (68.8%) xenografts of NSCLC showed GM-CSF gene expression. Forty-one of the 44 (93.2%) GM-CSF-positive NSCLC specimens showed IL-10 expression, and GM-CSF expression was significantly correlated with IL-10 expression (p < 0.0171, Mann-Whitney's U-test). These results suggested that IL-10 is one of the cytokines up-regulating the GM-CSF expression in NSCLC.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / genetics
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Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / metabolism*
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Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
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Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / biosynthesis*
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Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / genetics
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Humans
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Interleukin-10 / biosynthesis*
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Interleukin-10 / genetics
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Lung Neoplasms / genetics
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Lung Neoplasms / metabolism*
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Mice, Nude
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Neoplasm Transplantation
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Receptors, Interleukin / biosynthesis
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Receptors, Interleukin / genetics
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Receptors, Interleukin-10
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Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Transplantation, Heterologous
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Up-Regulation
Substances
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Receptors, Interleukin
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Receptors, Interleukin-10
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Interleukin-10
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Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor