The purpose of this study was to determine if epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene polymorphism was a marker of susceptibility to or severity of Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Taiwan. The study included 119 Chinese patients with SLE. One hundred unrelated healthy individuals living in central Taiwan served as control subjects. Polymorphisms of the EGFR Bsr I gene were typed from genomic DNA. The genotypes, allelic frequencies and carriage rates were compared between SLE patients and control subjects. The relationship between allelic frequencies and clinical manifestations of SLE was evaluated. For the genotype of EGFR gene Bsr I polymorphism, there was statistically significant differences between the SLE and control groups (chi-squared test, P = 0.009, chi2 = 9.21). In addition, there was significant association between the two groups in allelic frequency of the T allele (P = 0.02, chi2 = 5.27). However, we did not detect any association between EGFR genotype and clinical or laboratory profiles in SLE patients. The results suggest that the EGFR gene Bsr I polymorphism is related to SLE.