Recently the expression of human myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) has been found to be significantly downregulated in the brain tissue of subjects with schizophrenia, suggesting that the MOG gene resides within a high-susceptibility locus for schizophrenia. In order to test this prediction, we analyzed three microsatellites from MOG in the Han Chinese population using a sample of 532 trios. Analysis of allele, genotype and haplotype frequencies showed weak positive association between the markers and the disease (p=0.01982). Our results would indicate that the MOG gene may play a significant role in schizophrenia in the Han Chinese. However, further study is required using other methods and involving other populations.