Cathepsin S is required for murine autoimmune myasthenia gravis pathogenesis

J Immunol. 2005 Feb 1;174(3):1729-37. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.174.3.1729.

Abstract

Because presentation of acetylcholine receptor (AChR) peptides to T cells is critical to the development of myasthenia gravis, we examined the role of cathepsin S (Cat S) in experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) induced by AChR immunization. Compared with wild type, Cat S null mice were markedly resistant to the development of EAMG, and showed reduced T and B cell responses to AChR. Cat S null mice immunized with immunodominant AChR peptides showed weak responses, indicating failed peptide presentation accounted for autoimmune resistance. A Cat S inhibitor suppressed in vitro IFN-gamma production by lymph node cells from AChR-immunized, DR3-bearing transgenic mice. Because Cat S null mice are not severely immunocompromised, Cat S inhibitors could be tested for their therapeutic potential in EAMG.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antigen Presentation / genetics
  • Antigen-Presenting Cells / immunology
  • Antigen-Presenting Cells / metabolism
  • Autoantibodies / blood
  • B-Lymphocytes / pathology
  • Cathepsins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Cathepsins / deficiency
  • Cathepsins / genetics
  • Cathepsins / physiology*
  • Cell Differentiation / genetics
  • Cell Differentiation / immunology
  • Cell Movement / genetics
  • Cell Movement / immunology
  • Cytokines / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Cytokines / biosynthesis
  • Dendritic Cells / cytology
  • Dendritic Cells / immunology
  • Down-Regulation / genetics
  • Down-Regulation / immunology
  • Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / immunology
  • Female
  • HLA-DR3 Antigen / genetics
  • HLA-DR3 Antigen / immunology
  • HLA-DR3 Antigen / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Immunity, Innate / genetics
  • Lymphocyte Activation / genetics
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Myasthenia Gravis, Autoimmune, Experimental / enzymology*
  • Myasthenia Gravis, Autoimmune, Experimental / genetics
  • Myasthenia Gravis, Autoimmune, Experimental / immunology*
  • Peptide Fragments / immunology
  • Peptide Fragments / metabolism
  • Receptors, Cholinergic / administration & dosage
  • Receptors, Cholinergic / immunology
  • Receptors, Cholinergic / metabolism
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • Torpedo

Substances

  • Autoantibodies
  • Cytokines
  • Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte
  • HLA-DR3 Antigen
  • Peptide Fragments
  • Receptors, Cholinergic
  • Cathepsins
  • cathepsin S