Abstract
Cystatin C, a protease inhibitor with widespread distribution, is upregulated in response to injury. Levels are elevated in the brains of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). We compared frequencies for the CST 3 exon 1 polymorphism in patients with AD and controls. A proportional odds model indicated that the CST 3 A and APOE4 combination carried a high risk: a 14-fold elevation for men and 16-fold for women. These risks apply to risk at ages older than 64 years and to a shift in onset to ages younger than 65 years.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Age of Onset
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Aged
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Aged, 80 and over
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Alleles
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Alzheimer Disease / epidemiology
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Alzheimer Disease / genetics*
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Apolipoprotein E4
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Apolipoproteins E / genetics
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Chromosomes, Human, Pair 20 / genetics
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Cystatin C
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Cystatins / genetics*
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Exons / genetics
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Female
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Gene Frequency
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Genetic Predisposition to Disease
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Genotype
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Humans
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Odds Ratio
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Polymorphism, Genetic
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Risk Factors
Substances
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Apolipoprotein E4
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Apolipoproteins E
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CST3 protein, human
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Cystatin C
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Cystatins