Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an immune-mediated disorder. We investigated the polymorphisms of interleukin (IL)-4 intron 3, IL-6 (-572 G/C), and IL-10 (-627 C/A) in 50 children with acute ITP, 30 children with chronic TIP, and 100 healthy individuals. There were significant differences in the RP1/RP2 genotype proportion (P = 0.04) and the RP2 allelic frequency (P = 0.03) of IL-4 intron 3 and the A/C genotype proportion (P = 0.01) of IL-10 (-627) between children with chronic ITP and controls. This finding suggests that the IL-4 intron 3 and IL-10 (-627) polymorphisms contribute to the susceptibility of developing childhood chronic ITP.