Abstract
The treatment of malignant glioma is currently ineffective. Oncolytic viruses are being explored as a means to selectively lyse tumor cells in the brain. We have engineered a mutant herpes simplex virus type 1 with deletions in the viral UL39 and gamma(1)34.5 genes and an insertion of the two prodrug activating genes, CYP2B1 and secreted human intestinal carboxylesterase. Each of these can convert the inactive prodrugs, cyclophosphamide and irinotecan (CPT-11), into their active metabolites, respectively. This new oncolytic virus (MGH2) displays increased antitumor efficacy against human glioma cells both in vitro and in vivo when combined with cyclophosphamide and CPT-11. Importantly, cyclophosphamide, CPT-11, or the combination of cyclophosphamide and CPT-11 does not significantly affect oncolytic virus replication. Therefore, MGH2 provides effective multimodal therapy for gliomas in preclinical models when combined with these chemotherapy agents.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / pharmacokinetics*
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Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / pharmacology
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Biotransformation
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Brain Neoplasms / genetics
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Brain Neoplasms / therapy*
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Brain Neoplasms / virology
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Camptothecin / administration & dosage
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Camptothecin / analogs & derivatives
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Camptothecin / pharmacokinetics
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Carboxylesterase / biosynthesis
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Carboxylesterase / genetics*
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Carboxylesterase / metabolism
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Cell Line, Tumor
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Cyclophosphamide / administration & dosage
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Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1 / biosynthesis
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Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1 / genetics*
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Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1 / metabolism
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Genetic Therapy / methods
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Glioma / genetics
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Glioma / therapy*
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Glioma / virology
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Herpesvirus 1, Human / enzymology
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Herpesvirus 1, Human / genetics
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Herpesvirus 1, Human / physiology*
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Humans
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Irinotecan
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Prodrugs / administration & dosage
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Prodrugs / pharmacokinetics
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Virus Replication
Substances
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Prodrugs
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Irinotecan
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Cyclophosphamide
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Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1
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Carboxylesterase
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Camptothecin