Abstract
Cancer is frequently complicated by thrombosis, which may even be the first sign of an unrecognized cancer. There are several risk factors for cancer-associated thrombosis, such as type of malignancy, the presence of metastatic disease, and the use of chemotherapy. In most patients with cancer, a procoagulant state can be identified, ranging from subclinical laboratory abnormalities to full-blown disseminated intravascular coagulation. A specific entity is the occurrence of thrombotic microangiopathy that is specifically related to (high-dose) chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The pathogenetic pathways that play a role in the cancer-associated coagulopathy have been identified in recent years.
MeSH terms
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Anticoagulants / therapeutic use
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Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects
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Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
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Cohort Studies
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Cysteine Endopeptidases / metabolism
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Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation / drug therapy
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Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation / etiology
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Female
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Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome / etiology
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Humans
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Incidence
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Male
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Neoplasm Proteins / metabolism
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Neoplasms / blood*
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Neoplasms / complications
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Neoplasms / diagnosis
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Neoplasms, Unknown Primary / blood
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Neoplasms, Unknown Primary / diagnosis
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Prevalence
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Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic / etiology
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Radiotherapy / adverse effects
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Thromboembolism / epidemiology
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Thromboembolism / etiology
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Thromboembolism / prevention & control
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Thrombophilia / drug therapy
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Thrombophilia / etiology*
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Venous Thrombosis / epidemiology
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Venous Thrombosis / etiology
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Venous Thrombosis / prevention & control
Substances
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Anticoagulants
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Antineoplastic Agents
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Neoplasm Proteins
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Cysteine Endopeptidases
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cancer procoagulant