Mutations of codons 185 and 323, especially the W185X mutation, of the PVRL1 gene among non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) patients and normal controls in Taiwan were studied in order to determine whether there are mutations that play a part in the formation of non-syndromic CL/P. A total of 76 patients were enrolled; 66 sporadic non-syndromic CL/P patients and 10 normal controls. The mutation survey for codons 185 and 323 was conducted using a polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing. Neither mutations of codons 185 and 323 were noted for any of the 76 patients (152 alleles), nor were found any other mutations in either exon 3 or 5 of the PVRL1 gene. These results suggest that mutations of the PVRL1 gene at codons 185 and 323, especially the W185X mutation, do not participate in the formation of CL/P within the Taiwanese population examined.