Tumor-derived Cyr61(CCN1) promotes stromal matrix metalloproteinase-1 production and protease-activated receptor 1-dependent migration of breast cancer cells

Cancer Res. 2006 Mar 1;66(5):2658-65. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-2082.

Abstract

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a central role in remodeling the tumor-stromal microenvironment. We recently determined that stromal-derived MMP-1 also acts as a signaling molecule by cleaving protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) to cause breast cancer cell migration and invasion. Here, we show that ectopic PAR1 expression induces expression of the angiogenic factor Cyr61(CCN1) in breast cancer cells. The tumor-derived Cyr61 acts as an invasogenic signaling molecule that induces MMP-1 expression in adjacent stromal fibroblasts. Gene silencing of Cyr61 in breast cancer cells suppresses MMP-1 induction in stromal fibroblasts resulting in a major loss in migration of the cancer cells toward the fibroblasts. Cyr61-dependent loss of migration was complemented by exogenous MMP-1 and required the presence of the functional PAR1 receptor on the breast cancer cells. These results suggest that interrupting tumor-stromal cell communication by targeting Cyr61 may provide an alternative therapeutic approach for the treatment of invasive breast cancer.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Breast Neoplasms / enzymology
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Cell Communication / genetics
  • Cell Communication / physiology*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Movement / physiology*
  • Coculture Techniques
  • Cysteine-Rich Protein 61
  • Enzyme Induction
  • Fibroblasts / enzymology
  • Fibroblasts / pathology
  • Gene Silencing
  • Humans
  • Immediate-Early Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Immediate-Early Proteins / biosynthesis
  • Immediate-Early Proteins / genetics
  • Immediate-Early Proteins / physiology*
  • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / biosynthesis
  • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / genetics
  • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / physiology*
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / biosynthesis
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / genetics
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / physiology*
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors
  • Mice
  • NIH 3T3 Cells
  • Receptor, PAR-1 / physiology*
  • Stromal Cells / enzymology
  • Stromal Cells / pathology

Substances

  • CCN1 protein, human
  • Cysteine-Rich Protein 61
  • Immediate-Early Proteins
  • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors
  • Receptor, PAR-1
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 1