Promoter methylation in circadian genes of endometrial cancers detected by methylation-specific PCR

Mol Carcinog. 2006 Oct;45(10):732-40. doi: 10.1002/mc.20198.

Abstract

Methylation of CpG dinucleotides in the promoter sequence of a gene can lead to deregulated and suppressed gene expression. In this study, we have developed procedures for methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) and sequencing analysis to determine CpG methylation status of the promoter sequences of nine circadian genes in 35 endometrial cancers (EC) and paired noncancerous endometrial tissues. DNA methylation was found in the promoter sequences of PER1, PER2, and CRY1, but not of other six circadian genes in the ECs and normal tissues examined. Eleven of the 35 EC tissues showed CpG methylation in the promoter sequences of PER1, PER2, or CRY1. Of these 11 cases, 1 had promoter methylation in all the three genes, 1 in PER1 and PER2, 3 in PER1 and CRY1, and 6 in PER1, respectively. In comparison, promoter CpG methylation of PER1, PER2, or CRY1 was found in only 7 of 35 paired noncancerous tissues including 2 in PER1 and PER2, 2 in PER1, and 3 in CRY1. In summary, promoter methylation in the PER1, PER2, or CRY1 circadian genes was detected in about one-third of EC and one-fifth of noncancerous endometrial tissues of 35 paired specimens indicating possible disruption of the circadian clock in the development of EC.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • ARNTL Transcription Factors
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Base Sequence
  • Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors / genetics
  • Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors / metabolism
  • CLOCK Proteins
  • Circadian Rhythm / genetics*
  • DNA Methylation*
  • Endometrial Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Endometrial Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Endometrial Neoplasms / pathology
  • Female
  • Flavoproteins / genetics
  • Flavoproteins / metabolism
  • Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Middle Aged
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Nuclear Proteins / genetics
  • Nuclear Proteins / metabolism
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods*
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic / genetics*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / metabolism
  • Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors
  • Trans-Activators / genetics
  • Trans-Activators / metabolism

Substances

  • ARHGEF5 protein, human
  • ARNTL Transcription Factors
  • BMAL1 protein, human
  • Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors
  • Flavoproteins
  • Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors
  • Trans-Activators
  • CLOCK Proteins
  • CLOCK protein, human