Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is frequently associated with RET gene rearrangements that generate the so-called RET/PTC oncogenes. In this review, we examine the data about the mechanisms of thyroid cell transformation, activation of downstream signal transduction pathways and modulation of gene expression induced by RET/PTC. These findings have advanced our understanding of the processes underlying PTC formation and provide the basis for novel therapeutic approaches to this disease.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Carcinoma, Papillary / genetics*
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Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10
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Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
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Gene Rearrangement / genetics*
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Humans
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MAP Kinase Signaling System / physiology
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Oncogene Proteins, Fusion / genetics
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Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / genetics
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret / genetics*
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Thyroid Neoplasms / genetics*
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Transcriptional Activation
Substances
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Oncogene Proteins, Fusion
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Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret
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RET protein, human
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ret-PTC fusion oncoproteins, human