Introduction: EGF/EGFR interactions are important mechanisms behind colorectal tumour development and growth. Recently a single nucleotide polymorphism in the EGF gene has been identified (EGF A61G). It may be a potential predictor for survival of patients receiving EGFR-inhibitor cetuximab treatment, but the clinical importance and the functional influence on EGF gene expression levels in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients have not yet been further assessed. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between EGF A61G genotype and EGF gene expression levels in colorectal adenocarcinomas and normal colon tissue.
Material and methods: Eighty-one CRC patients were included in the study. Tissue samples from normal colon, adenocacinomas and corresponding blood samples were analysed by real-time PCR for EGF gene expression and EGF A61G genotype, respectively.
Results: Thirty-three percent were AA, 48% and 19% A/G and G/G respectively. We found a significantly lower median age in the A/A group compared to the G/G group, suggesting a later time of diagnosis in the G/G patients. There was a significant difference between the median EGF gene expression among the three genotypes in normal colon (p < 0.001) but not in adenocarcinomas. Furthermore, the median EGF gene expression was lower in CRC tissue than in normal colon samples, (0.13 (range 0.01-6.4) vs. 0.76, (range 0.013-5.55)).
Conclusion: We suggest that EGF A61G genotype has a functional influence on EGF gene expression in normal colon in CRC patients. The clinical implications warrant further investigations in prospective trials.