In this study we analyzed allele and genotype distributions of 24 bp duplication of the CHIT1 gene in a sample of patients (N=300) with coronary artery disease (CAD) and in a control group (N=300) from central Corsica (France), with the aim to investigate the possible association between CHIT1 genotypes and CAD in Corsican population. Serum chitotriosidase activity is increased in individuals experiencing an ischemic stroke of atherothrombotic etiology and in subjects with ischemic heart disease. Our results suggest that 24 bp duplication of CHIT1 gene is not correlated with CAD in Corsican population, according to a previous study carried out on a Spanish sample. Gene prevalence and perhaps gene-disease associations vary according to ethnicity. Further studies, based on different ethnic groups, could be suitable to determine the implication of this polymorphism with respect to CAD.