The novel Akt inhibitor, perifosine, induces caspase-dependent apoptosis and downregulates P-glycoprotein expression in multidrug-resistant human T-acute leukemia cells by a JNK-dependent mechanism

Leukemia. 2008 Jun;22(6):1106-16. doi: 10.1038/leu.2008.79. Epub 2008 Apr 3.

Abstract

A significant impediment to the success of cancer chemotherapy is the occurrence of multidrug resistance, which, in many cases, is attributable to overexpression of membrane transport proteins, such as the 170-kDa P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Also, upregulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt-signaling pathway is known to play an important role in drug resistance, and has been implicated in the aggressiveness of a number of different cancers, including T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). We have investigated the therapeutic potential of the novel Akt inhibitor, perifosine (a synthetic alkylphospholipid), on human T-ALL CEM cells (CEM-R), characterized by both overexpression of P-gp and constitutive upregulation of the PI3K/Akt network. Perifosine treatment induced death by apoptosis in CEM-R cells. Apoptosis was characterized by caspase activation, Bid cleavage and cytochrome c release from mitochondria. The proapoptotic effect of perifosine was in part dependent on the Fas/FasL interactions and c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) activation, as well as on the integrity of lipid rafts. Perifosine downregulated the expression of P-gp mRNA and protein and this effect required JNK activity. Our findings indicate that perifosine is a promising therapeutic agent for treatment of T-ALL cases characterized by both upregulation of the PI3K/Akt survival pathway and overexpression of P-gp.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / genetics
  • ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / metabolism*
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / pharmacology
  • Apoptosis / drug effects*
  • BH3 Interacting Domain Death Agonist Protein / metabolism
  • Blotting, Western
  • Caspases / metabolism*
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Cytochromes c / metabolism
  • Down-Regulation
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
  • Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
  • Enzyme Activation
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Humans
  • Immunoenzyme Techniques
  • JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
  • JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / genetics
  • JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism*
  • Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell / metabolism
  • Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell / pathology*
  • Membrane Microdomains / metabolism
  • Mitochondria / drug effects
  • Mitochondria / metabolism
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / metabolism
  • Phosphorylcholine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Phosphorylcholine / pharmacology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • RNA, Small Interfering / pharmacology
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Signal Transduction
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured
  • Vinblastine / pharmacology

Substances

  • ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
  • BH3 Interacting Domain Death Agonist Protein
  • BID protein, human
  • RNA, Messenger
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • Phosphorylcholine
  • perifosine
  • Vinblastine
  • Cytochromes c
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
  • Caspases