EBV transformation overrides gene expression patterns of B cell differentiation stages

Mol Immunol. 2008 Jun;45(11):3133-41. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2008.03.002. Epub 2008 Apr 21.

Abstract

EBV-associated Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and some post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) cases originate from pro-apoptotic germinal center (GC) B cells that have acquired destructive somatic Ig V gene mutations and were presumably rescued from apoptosis by EBV. To find out whether B cell receptor-crippled GC B cells acquire features of HL and/or PTLD cells upon EBV-infection and to reveal the impact of EBV on expression of B cell differentiation markers, we compared lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) from GC B cells (including BCR-crippled GC-LCLs) to monoclonal LCLs from naïve B cells (N-LCLs). In addition, we analyzed the controversially discussed effect of EBV-infection on the GC B-cell-specific process of somatic hypermutation in vitro. Irrespective of their cellular origin, LCLs expressed CD20, CD30, CD38, AID, Pu.1, and with one exception Syk, but lacked expression of the GC B cell marker BCL-6. Interestingly, the T cell transcription factor GATA-3 that is aberrantly expressed in HL was induced in most GC-LCLs and the memory B cell marker CD27 was activated in N-LCLs. Remarkably, only 4 of 24 GC-LCLs showed significant somatic hypermutation activity, demonstrating that EBV usually silences hypermutation upon infection of GC B cells. Notably, one of three N-LCL showed a low level of intraclonal diversification. Thus, EBV-infection deregulates multiple differentiation factors and processes in B cells, leading to a largely homogenous phenotype of EBV-infected B cells in latency III.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Apoptosis
  • B-Lymphocytes / cytology*
  • B-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • B-Lymphocytes / virology*
  • Biomarkers
  • Blotting, Western
  • Cell Differentiation*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Transformation, Viral / physiology*
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Gene Expression Regulation*
  • Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Heavy Chain / genetics
  • Herpesvirus 4, Human / physiology*
  • Hodgkin Disease / immunology
  • Hodgkin Disease / pathology
  • Hodgkin Disease / virology
  • Humans
  • Phenotype
  • Somatic Hypermutation, Immunoglobulin / genetics
  • Viral Matrix Proteins / metabolism
  • Virus Latency

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • EBV-associated membrane antigen, Epstein-Barr virus
  • Viral Matrix Proteins