Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) with t(8;21)(q22;q22) demonstrates unique clinico-pathologic disease entity in patients with hematologic malignancies. The t(8;21), which results in fusion of the AML1 gene on 21q22 and the ETO gene on 8q22 on a molecular level, is one of the most common nonrandom chromosomal changes, and it is found in about 5-12% of patients with AML. Among these cases, complex variants involving chromosomes 8 and 21, as well as a third or fourth chromosome, account for approximately 6-10% of patients with an AML1/ETO chimeric gene, and about 100 variant cases with AML1/ETO fusion transcript have been reported in the literature. Here, we describe a rare case report of reciprocal paracentric inversion-associated t(8;21) variant in a 28-year old male patient with de novo AML. The abnormal results of conventional cytogenetics and interphase fluorescent in situ hybridization in this patient drove us to perform further studies and a literature review. This report emphasizes the value of "conventional" cytogenetics, as well as "newly developed" molecular cytogenetic methods in the diagnosis of rare complex t(8;21) variant in patients with AML.
Copyright 2008 Elsevier Inc.