Abstract
Cancer-related mortality is caused in a large part by the metastasis of primary tumor. Each cancer has a particular way of spreading cancerous cells. Recently, genetic and pharmacological analysis identified the set of genes, such as epidermal growth factor receptor ligand epiregulin (EREG), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 2 (MMP-1 and MMP-2) that have been found to be associated with metastasis of breast cancer to lung. Inhibition of EGFR and COX2 could minimize lung metastasis of breast cancer in a clinical setting. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on EREG, COX2, MMP-1 and MMP-2 in tumor development and metastasis.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis*
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Breast Neoplasms / genetics*
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Breast Neoplasms / pathology
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Cell Line, Tumor
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Cyclooxygenase 2 / biosynthesis*
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Cyclooxygenase 2 / genetics
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Disease Progression
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Epidermal Growth Factor / biosynthesis*
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Epidermal Growth Factor / genetics
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Epiregulin
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Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic*
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Humans
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Lung / pathology
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / biosynthesis*
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / genetics
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / biosynthesis*
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / genetics
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Models, Biological
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Models, Genetic
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Neoplasm Invasiveness
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Neoplasm Metastasis
Substances
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EREG protein, human
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Epiregulin
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Epidermal Growth Factor
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Cyclooxygenase 2
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 1