Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor (mTOR) pathway is often constitutively activated in human tumor cells, providing unique opportunities for anticancer therapeutic intervention. NVP-BEZ235 is an imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline derivative that inhibits PI3K and mTOR kinase activity by binding to the ATP-binding cleft of these enzymes. In cellular settings using human tumor cell lines, this molecule is able to effectively and specifically block the dysfunctional activation of the PI3K pathway, inducing G(1) arrest. The cellular activity of NVP-BEZ235 translates well in in vivo models of human cancer. Thus, the compound was well tolerated, displayed disease stasis when administered orally, and enhanced the efficacy of other anticancer agents when used in in vivo combination studies. Ex vivo pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analyses of tumor tissues showed a time-dependent correlation between compound concentration and PI3K/Akt pathway inhibition. Collectively, the preclinical data show that NVP-BEZ235 is a potent dual PI3K/mTOR modulator with favorable pharmaceutical properties. NVP-BEZ235 is currently in phase I clinical trials.
MeSH terms
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Adenosine Triphosphate / metabolism
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Administration, Oral
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Animals
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Antineoplastic Agents / chemistry
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Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacokinetics
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Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
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Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
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Cell Cycle / drug effects
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Cell Line, Tumor
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Cell Proliferation / drug effects
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Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
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Glioblastoma / drug therapy
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Humans
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Imidazoles / chemistry
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Imidazoles / pharmacokinetics
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Imidazoles / pharmacology*
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Imidazoles / therapeutic use
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Mice
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Mice, Nude
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Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors*
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Protein Kinase Inhibitors / chemistry
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Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacokinetics
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Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
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Protein Kinase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
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Protein Kinases / metabolism*
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism
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Quinolines / chemistry
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Quinolines / pharmacokinetics
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Quinolines / pharmacology*
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Quinolines / therapeutic use
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TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
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Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
Substances
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Antineoplastic Agents
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Imidazoles
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Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors
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Protein Kinase Inhibitors
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Quinolines
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Adenosine Triphosphate
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Protein Kinases
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MTOR protein, human
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mTOR protein, mouse
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
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TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
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dactolisib