Objective: To examine whether a panel of gene polymorphisms, including p53 codon 72 tumor suppressor factor, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) -1154, are risk factors for implantation failure after IVF-ET.
Design: Case-control study.
Setting: Private laboratories and reproduction medical centers.
Patient(s): Seventy women with history of recurrent implantation failure after IVF-ET and 73 fertile control women.
Intervention(s): Buccal swabs were obtained from all participants. The DNA was extracted from the buccal swabs and analyzed for the presence of the PAI 4G/4G, VEGF -1154A/A, and p53 codon 72 Arg/Pro genotypes.
Main outcome measure(s): The prevalence of homozygous p53 Pro72, PAI 4G/4G, and VEGF -1154A/A was compared between women experiencing recurrent implantation failure and fertile control women.
Result(s): The frequencies of homozygous p53 Pro72, PAI 4G/4G, and VEGF -1154AA were significantly higher among women experiencing implantation failure compared with control women.
Conclusion(s): A panel of tests for p53 codon 72 Pro/Pro, PAI-1 4G/4G and VEGF -1154A/A may be useful to identify women at risk for implantation failure after IVF-ET.