Introduction: The pathogenesis ofperiodontitis has not been completely defined, therefore the study was aimed at evaluating combined effects of environmental factors as well as interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and FcgammaRIIa genotypes on the risk of periodontal disease.
Material and methods: The study was carried out on 52 patients diagnosed with periodontitis (P), 20 suffering from aggressive periodontitis (AgP), 32 with chronic periodontitis (CP) as well as 52 subjects with healthy periodontium (HP). Interleukin-1beta genotype was evaluated using PCR-RFLP, whereas FcdeltaRIIa polymorphism with the application of PCR-ASA method.
Results: The frequency of IL-1beta 1/1, 1/2, 2/2 genotype was as follows: AgP patients--75%, 25%, 0%, CP: 65.6%, 34.4%, 0%, and P: 69.2%, 30.7%, 0%, respectively, and did not differ significantly from HP. Alike, no significant differences were found in FcgammaRIIa genotype distribution. H/H, R/H, R/R genotypes were revealed in 40.0%, 35.0%, 25.0% for AgP, 43.8%, 40.6%, 15.6% in CP patients, 42.3%, 38.5%, 19.2% for P subjects as well as 36.5%, 48.1%, 15.4% in HP subjects. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant association between AgP and age, smoking and API > 50%. As for CP significant association was found solely for API > 50%.
Conclusions: IL-1B(+3954) and FcgammaRIIa (CD32) gene polymorphisms are not associated with an increased risk of AgP and CP.