Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is by far the most common type of diabetes and is characterized by insulin resistance and altered insulin secretion. Some genes, such as the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR, NM_001017535; GI: 7421), involved in its metabolic pathway have been regarded as good candidates for T2DM. In this study, we investigated whether there was an association of VDR: g.59979G>T or c.1025-49G>T (ApaIG>T) and g.60058T>C or c.1056T>C (TaqIT>C) polymorphisms in the 3' untranslated region of VDR with T2DM in a Turkish population. We collected blood samples from 241 individuals (72 patients with T2DM and 169 healthy individuals), and their DNA was isolated. Polymorphisms of the VDR were analyzed by DNA amplification with polymerase chain reaction and endonuclease digestion with ApaI and TaqI. Body mass index was higher in T2DM patients than in control individuals. However, the frequency of g.59979TT genotype in T2DM patients was not significantly increased compared to healthy subjects (37.5% vs. 36.1%, respectively). Although the VDR g.60058CC genotype in T2DM patients (19.4%) was higher than that in healthy individuals (11.2%), there was no significant difference. In the same way, there was no difference between the groups in allele frequencies. In conclusion, our study did not provide evidence for the association of two examined VDR polymorphisms with T2DM in a Turkish population.