Objective: Mannan-binding lectin (MBL) is an important constituent of the innate immune system, and deficiency of MBL has been reported to increase the overall susceptibility of an individual to infectious disease. Codon 54 G/A variant of exon 1 (B allele) affects MBL2 gene and alters its activity. We investigated the influence of MBL2 variant on the risk of gastroduodenal diseases and on the severity of Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis in a Japanese population.
Methods: One hundred and two gastric ulcers, 48 duodenal ulcers, 275 nonulcer participants were included in this study. B allele of the MBL2 gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction based restriction fragment length polymorphism. The severity of the histological chronic gastritis in antral biopsy specimens were classified according to the updated Sydney system.
Results: MBL2 B allele was significantly associated with severity of gastric mucosal atrophy and intestinal metaplasia (atrophy, G/G vs. G/A vs. A/A; P=0.02, A/A vs. others; P=0.009, intestinal metaplasia; G/G vs. G/A vs. A/A; P=0.03, A/A vs. others; P=0.004). When participants were divided into the following three groups according to the severity of gastric atrophy: the nonatrophic gastritis (NA) group, the severe atrophic gastritis (SA) group, and mild atrophic gastritis (MA) group, the frequency of A/A was significantly higher in the SA group than in others (SA vs. MA; odds ratio=8.42, 95% confidence interval=1.05-67.45, SA vs. others; odds ratio=10.06, 95% confidence interval=1.26-80.45).
Conclusion: Our data suggest that the MBL2 codon 54 B allele is associated with a risk of developing more severe gastric mucosal atrophy in H. pylori-infected Japanese patients.