Abstract
A large and dynamic membrane-associated machinery orchestrates the translocation of antigenic peptides into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen for subsequent loading onto major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. The peptide-loading complex ensures that only high-affinity peptides, which guarantee long-term stability of MHC I complexes, are presented to T-lymphocytes. Adaptive immunity is dependent on surface display of the cellular proteome in the form of protein fragments, thus allowing efficient recognition of infected or malignant transformed cells. In this review, we summarize recent findings of antigen translocation by the transporter associated with antigen processing and loading of MHC class I molecules in the ER, focusing on the mechanisms involved in this process.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 2
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ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 3
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ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / metabolism
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ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / physiology
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Animals
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Antigen Presentation / immunology
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Antigen Presentation / physiology*
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Endoplasmic Reticulum / metabolism*
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Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / metabolism*
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Humans
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Membrane Transport Proteins / metabolism
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Models, Immunological
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Models, Molecular
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Peptides / metabolism*
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Protein Transport
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T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
Substances
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ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 2
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ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 3
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ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters
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Histocompatibility Antigens Class I
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Membrane Transport Proteins
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Peptides
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TAP1 protein, human
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TAP2 protein, human