Chloroform extract of cigarette smoke induces proliferation of human esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma cells: modulation by beta-adrenoceptors

Drug Chem Toxicol. 2009;32(3):175-81. doi: 10.1080/01480540902875253.

Abstract

The present study aimed to delineate the actions of cigarette smoke extracts on esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma cell growth in vitro. Both chloroform- and ethanol-extracts from cigarette smoke stimulated human esophageal squamous carcinoma EC109 cell proliferation. Chloroform- and ethanol-extracts also upregulated beta-adrenoceptors expression in EC109 cells. Cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression was increased by chloroform-extract. The stimulatory actions of chloroform-extract on cell proliferation and COX-2 expression were abolished by beta(1)- and beta(2)-adrenoceptor selective antagonists, implicating that COX-2 was downstream to the beta-adrenoceptors. Collectively, the promoting action of chloroform-extract from cigarette smoke on esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma cell proliferation is beta-adrenoceptor- and COX-2-dependent.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / pharmacology
  • Atenolol / pharmacology
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / drug therapy*
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / metabolism
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects*
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Chloroform / chemistry
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 / genetics
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 / metabolism
  • Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / genetics
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Ethanol / chemistry
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / drug effects
  • Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases / genetics
  • Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Nicotiana / chemistry
  • Nicotiana / toxicity*
  • Propanolamines / pharmacology
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / drug effects*
  • Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / genetics
  • Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / metabolism
  • Smoke / adverse effects*
  • Smoke / analysis
  • Sulfonamides / pharmacology
  • Up-Regulation

Substances

  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
  • Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors
  • Propanolamines
  • RNA, Messenger
  • Receptors, Adrenergic, beta
  • Smoke
  • Sulfonamides
  • Ethanol
  • ICI 118551
  • Atenolol
  • Chloroform
  • Cyclooxygenase 2
  • Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases
  • nimesulide