The FAS and FAS ligand (FASLG) system plays a key role in regulating apoptotic cell death, and corruption of this signaling pathway has been shown to participate in tumorigenesis. Functional promoter polymorphisms of the FAS and FASLG genes can alter transcriptional activities and thus alter risk of cancer. We hypothesized that the FAS -1377G>A, FAS -670A>G, and FASLG -844T>C polymorphisms in the promoter regions are associated with risk of gastric cancer. In a population-based case-control study of 332 gastric cancer cases and 324 controls, we genotyped these three polymorphisms and evaluated their association with risk of gastric cancer. We found that the FAS and FASL genotypes and the FAS haplotypes had no significant associations with risk of gastric cancer. In addition, there was no significant interaction between the FAS and FASL polymorphisms in the development of gastric cancer. The FAS and FASLG polymorphisms may not contribute to risk of gastric cancer in the southern Chinese population.