Purpose: About half of unaffected BRCA1/2 carriers have a negative family history, confounding efforts toward presymptomatic carrier identification. Ovarian cancer is preventable for known carriers but is otherwise highly lethal. Cost-effectiveness and gains in life expectancy are important factors in evaluating the desirability of population-based genetic screening, currently the only viable strategy to identify carriers with unrevealing family histories.
Methods: Cost-utility analysis for a population-based genetic screening program offered to American Ashkenazi Jewish women aged 35-55 years measuring cancer incidence, life expectancy, and cost.
Results: Our model predicts that a genetic screening program would result in 2811 fewer cases of ovarian cancer, with a life expectancy gain of 1.83 quality-adjusted life years among carriers. At a cost of 460 USD for founder mutation testing, the cost of the program is 8300 USD(discounted) per year of quality-adjusted life gained.
Conclusion: In populations with a high prevalence of BRCA1/2 founder mutations, genetic screening may be cost-effective when compared with recommended public health interventions such as mammographic screening. We advocate the initiation of a dialogue among Jewish stakeholders, genetics professionals, and public health leaders to determine whether a population-based BRCA1/2 genetic screening program should be pursued.