Knockdown of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-beta induces less differentiation and enhances cell-fibronectin adhesion of colon cancer cells

Oncogene. 2010 Jan 28;29(4):516-26. doi: 10.1038/onc.2009.370. Epub 2009 Nov 23.

Abstract

The role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-beta/delta (PPAR-beta/delta) in the pathogenesis of colon cancer remains highly controversial. This study specifically silenced the PPAR-beta expression in three colon cancer cell lines with different metastatic potentials. Although PPAR-beta knockdown resulted in more malignant morphological changes, bigger colony sizes and lower carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) secretion, and enhanced the cell-fibronectin adhesion, cell invasion and migration were unaffected. These effects were stronger in poorly metastatic cell lines compared with highly metastatic ones. Simultaneously, PPAR-beta knockdown decreased the mRNAs encoding adipocyte differentiation-related protein and liver fatty acid binding protein, and increased the mRNA of ILK, whereas the mRNAs encoding integrin-beta1 and angiopoietin-like 4 were unchanged. Using immunohistochemistry, we determined that the intensity of PPAR-beta expression was stronger in rectal cancers with better differentiation than in those with poor differentiation, and was stronger in early-stage tumors than in advanced ones. Together, these findings consistently indicate that PPAR-beta may facilitate differentiation and inhibit the cell-fibronectin adhesion of colon cancer, having a role as an inhibitor in the carcinogenesis and progression of colorectal cancer. Interestingly, PPAR-beta seems to have a more important role in poorly metastatic cells than in highly metastatic ones.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Animals
  • Carcinoembryonic Antigen / metabolism
  • Cell Adhesion
  • Cell Differentiation*
  • Cell Shape
  • Colonic Neoplasms / genetics
  • Colonic Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Colonic Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Female
  • Fibronectins / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Liver Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Liver Neoplasms / secondary
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Nude
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • PPAR-beta / genetics
  • PPAR-beta / metabolism*
  • Protein Binding
  • RNA Interference*
  • Rectal Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Rectal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Carcinoembryonic Antigen
  • Fibronectins
  • PPAR-beta