Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a multifactorial respiratory disorder. Members of the cytochrome P450 family catalyze the oxidative metabolism of exogenous chemicals and activate their substrates into reactive intermediates that may initiate lung injury. The aim of this study was to learn interethnic variation in frequency distribution patterns of CYP1B1 and CYP2F1 genes polymorphic markers and to analyse its association withchronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The polymorphic markers Leu432Val(CYP1B1) and c.14_15insC(CYP2F1) were studied at chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients (Russian (N=169), Tatar (N=137)) and cases of healthy individuals (Russian (N=191), Tatar (N=198) and Bashkir (N=78)), residents of Bashkortostan by PCR-RFLP method. It was shown that the CYP2F1 gene genotype frequency distribution patterns differed between three ethnic groups (chi2 = 21.29, df=4, P = 0.0001), because of high frequency of c.14_15insC/c.14_15insC genotype in Tatars (6.38%). On the other hand, high frequency (39.74%) of normal/ c.14_15insC genotype was appeared in Bashkirs. Association analysis of CYP2F1 geneinsertion variant with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have shown high frequency (87.5%) of normal allele in Tatars patients with very severe stage and manifestation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease after 55 years (chi2 = 3.964, df=1, P = 0.046; OR = = 2.268). It was shown that allele and genotype frequency distribution of Leu432ValCYP1B1 gene not differed between Russian, Tatar and Bashkir ethnic groups. We did not find any association of Leu432Val CYP1B1 gene with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.