Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder with a complex pathogenesis in which hormonal disturbances, metabolic disorders and chronic inflammation have been considered. Relationships among the paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene, hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance in women with PCOS have been reported.
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate patients with PCOS for the existence of chronic inflammation and to assess the relationship between PON1 polymorphism and hormonal, metabolic and inflammatory parameters in these women.
Material and methods: One hundred thirty women with PCOS and 70 healthy women were studied. Anthropometric, hormonal (total testosterone, androstenedione, DHEA-S, LH, FSH), metabolic (fasting glucose and insulin, oral glucose tolerance test, insulin sensitivity and resistance indices, lipids) and inflammatory parameters (hsCRP, fibrinogen, WBC) were assessed and analysis of PON1 Leu55Met polymorphism was carried out in all subjects.
Results: WBC, fibrinogen and hsCRP levels did not differ significantly between the PCOS and control groups. The genotype frequencies of the Leu55Met PON1 polymorphism were similar in both groups. There were no relationships between PON1 genotypes and metabolic parameters.
Conclusions: As chronic low-grade inflammation was not observed in the women with PCOS, there is no direct link between inflammation and PCOS markers per se. None of the variants of the Leu55Met PON1 polymorphism was associated with more frequent occurrence of PCOS or metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance.