Background: A dietary portfolio has been used to reduce blood lipids in hyperlipidemic subjects. To increase the effectiveness of these dietary treatments in specific populations, it is important to study the genetic variability associated with the development of certain types of hyperlipidemias. Low plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are the most common dyslipidemia in Mexican adults and are coupled with the presence of the ABCA1 R230C genotype. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the response of HDL-C concentration to a dietary portfolio in a group of Mexican hyperlipidemic subjects with ABCA1R230C (rs9282541) and R219K (rs2230806) polymorphisms.
Methods: Forty-three hyperlipidemic subjects (20 men and 23 women) were given a low saturated fat (LSF) diet for one month, followed by a LSF diet that included 25g of soy protein and 15g of soluble fiber daily for 2months. We analyzed two ABCA1 polymorphisms and studied their association with serum lipids before and after treatment.
Results: Hyperlipidemic subjects with the ABCA1 R230C genotype showed lower HDL-C concentrations at the beginning of the study and were better responders to the dietary treatment than subjects with the ABCA1 R230R genotype (+4.6% vs. +14.6%) (p=.05). According to gender and the presence of the R230C genotype, women responded more significantly to the dietary treatment, reflected by an increase of 21.9% in HDL concentration (p=.022), than women with R230R genotype who only experienced an increase of 2.7% in HDL-C concentration. There was no association between the presence of the ABCA1 R219K variant (p=.544) and HDL concentration.
Conclusion: Hyperlipidemic Mexican subjects with the ABCA1 R230C genotype showed lower HDL-concentrations and were better responders to dietary portfolio treatments for increasing HDL-C concentrations than subjects with the R230R genotype.
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