A double mutation in glycoprotein gB compensates for ineffective gD-dependent initiation of herpes simplex virus type 1 infection

J Virol. 2010 Dec;84(23):12200-9. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01633-10. Epub 2010 Sep 22.

Abstract

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) entry into cells is triggered by the binding of envelope glycoprotein D (gD) to a specific receptor, such as nectin-1 or herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM), resulting in activation of the fusion effectors gB and gH and virus penetration. Here we report the identification of a hyperactive gB allele, D285N/A549T, selected by repeat passage of a gD mutant virus defective for nectin-1 binding through cells that express a gD-binding-impaired mutant nectin-1. The gB allele in a wild-type virus background enabled the use of other nectins as virus entry receptors. In addition, combination of the mutant allele with an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-retargeted gD gene yielded dramatically increased EGFR-specific virus entry compared to retargeted virus carrying wild-type gB. Entry of the gB mutant virus into nectin-1-bearing cells was markedly accelerated compared to that of wild-type virus, suggesting that the gB mutations affect a rate-limiting step in entry. Our observations indicate that ineffective gD activation can be complemented by hypersensitization of a downstream component of the entry cascade to gD signaling.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • CHO Cells
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules / metabolism*
  • Chlorocebus aethiops
  • Cloning, Molecular
  • Cricetinae
  • Cricetulus
  • ErbB Receptors / metabolism
  • Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect
  • Herpes Simplex / genetics*
  • Herpesvirus 1, Human / genetics*
  • Herpesvirus 1, Human / physiology
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Mutation / genetics
  • Nectins
  • Receptors, Virus / metabolism*
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA
  • Vero Cells
  • Viral Envelope Proteins / genetics*
  • Viral Envelope Proteins / metabolism*
  • Viral Envelope Proteins / physiology
  • Virus Internalization*

Substances

  • Cell Adhesion Molecules
  • NECTIN1 protein, human
  • Nectin1 protein, mouse
  • Nectins
  • Receptors, Virus
  • Viral Envelope Proteins
  • glycoprotein B, Simplexvirus
  • glycoprotein D, Human herpesvirus 1
  • ErbB Receptors