Serial MRI changes in a patient with infantile Alexander disease and prolonged survival

Brain Dev. 2011 Aug;33(7):604-7. doi: 10.1016/j.braindev.2010.10.007. Epub 2010 Oct 30.

Abstract

Alexander disease is a major entity of leukodystrophy; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of the brain typically show extensive changes in the cerebral white matter with frontal predominance. Heterozygous missense mutations of GFAP are thought to be sufficient for the molecular diagnosis, which has widened the Alexander disease entity beyond the classical one. We report the patient, a 16-year-old Japanese boy, with infantile-onset Alexander disease, showing striking MRI findings; extreme white matter loss of cerebrum through cerebellum, severe atrophy of basal ganglia, cerebellum, brain stem, and cervical spinal cord. Molecular analysis showed a heterozygous mutation R239L (c.730G>T) in GFAP. A relative long disease course, over 15years, with the help of mechanical ventilation revealed the striking MRI progression.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Alexander Disease / diagnosis
  • Alexander Disease / genetics
  • Alexander Disease / pathology*
  • Atrophy / pathology
  • Brain / pathology
  • Disease Progression
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging*
  • Male
  • Mutation, Missense
  • Spinal Cord / pathology
  • Survival Rate