The role of the C-terminus of human α-synuclein: intra-disulfide bonds between the C-terminus and other regions stabilize non-fibrillar monomeric isomers

FEBS Lett. 2011 Feb 4;585(3):561-6. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.01.009. Epub 2011 Jan 14.

Abstract

Substantial evidence implicates that the aggregation of α-synuclein (αSyn) is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. This study focuses on the role of αSyn C-terminus. We introduced two additional cysteine residues at positions 107 and 124 (A107C and A124C) to our previous construct. Five X-isomers of oxidative-folded mutation of α-synuclein with three disulfides were isolated and their secondary structures and aggregating features were analyzed. All isomers showed similar random coil structures as wild-type α-synuclein. However, these isomers did not form aggregates or fibrils, even with prolonged incubation, suggesting that the interactions between the C-terminal and N-terminal or central NAC region are important in maintaining the natively unfolded structure of αSyn and thus prevent αSyn from changing conformation, which is a critical step for fibrillation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Benzothiazoles
  • Circular Dichroism
  • Cysteine / chemistry
  • Cystine / chemistry*
  • Fluorescent Dyes / chemistry
  • Humans
  • Isomerism
  • Kinetics
  • Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
  • Mutant Proteins / chemistry
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Parkinson Disease / physiopathology
  • Protein Denaturation
  • Protein Folding
  • Protein Stability
  • Protein Structure, Secondary
  • Recombinant Proteins / chemistry
  • Spectrometry, Fluorescence
  • Thiazoles / chemistry
  • alpha-Synuclein / chemistry*
  • alpha-Synuclein / genetics

Substances

  • Benzothiazoles
  • Fluorescent Dyes
  • Mutant Proteins
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • SNCA protein, human
  • Thiazoles
  • alpha-Synuclein
  • thioflavin T
  • Cystine
  • Cysteine